{"id":7643,"date":"2017-01-25T15:16:54","date_gmt":"2017-01-25T20:16:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/?page_id=7643"},"modified":"2025-09-23T15:33:59","modified_gmt":"2025-09-23T19:33:59","slug":"drought","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/programs-by-topic\/drought\/","title":{"rendered":"Resources to Navigate Drought Successfully"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"16355\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-16355 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Team of horses pulling historic farming equipment as dust rises from a freshly tilled field during an agricultural demonstration.\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-105x79.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-317x238.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-423x317.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-634x476.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-846x635.jpg 846w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-951x713.jpg 951w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-1268x951.jpg 1268w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2025\/09\/20250921_145155-500x375.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Jason Lilley, UMaine Extension<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>My well ran dry. My livestock might need hay this winter. The lawn is dying&#8230;. What do I do?<\/h3>\n<p><em>By Cathryn Kloetzli, Extension Professional, and Erin Roche, Crop Insurance Education Program Manager, University of Maine Cooperative Extension<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Updated (September 2025) by Jason Lilley, Assistant Extension Professor of Sustainable Agriculture<\/em><\/p>\n<p>As a farmer, gardener or landowner, there are steps and management practices you can implement to reduce threats caused by water shortages and damaging weather events. This collection of resources has been gathered to help you successfully navigate the impacts caused by drought.<\/p>\n<h3>Drought happens so rarely in Maine. Why bother with any of this?<\/h3>\n<p>While the cost to implement preventative measures is often minimal, the potential loss by not implementing these measures can be great. \u201cA drought from 1999-2002 caused 17,000 private wells to run dry in the 9 months prior to April 2002, and farmers lost more than 32 million dollars in crop production between 2001 and 2002 (1999-2002 USGS report, \u201cDrought Conditions in Maine, 1999-2002: A Historical Perspective\u201d (Lombard, 2002))\u201d. The frequency of drought in Maine is increasing rapidly with the U.S. drought monitor listing some portion of the state as D2 (Severe Drought) or worse in 2020, \u201821, \u201822, and \u201825.<\/p>\n<p>The resources below provide several low-cost, simple to implement measures that every business and home can take to help lessen or avoid the impact of drought. Take the opportunity to protect, and even enhance, your investments \u2014 often just by planning ahead.<\/p>\n<h3>How do I monitor Maine\u2019s drought status?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/droughtmonitor.unl.edu\/\">U.S. Drought Monitor<\/a> updates its drought disaster map weekly.<\/li>\n<li>The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) (developed primarily for agriculture purposes) provides a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.drought.gov\/data-maps-tools\/us-gridded-palmer-drought-severity-index-pdsi-gridmet\">PDSI Map<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcc.cornell.edu\/\">Northeast Drought<\/a> offers weekly updates of current conditions and impacts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>My well ran dry. What do I do?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Call 2-1-1 to report your dry well. This action allows the state to see how widespread the problem is.<\/li>\n<li>For moderate water use purposes, consider tapping into local <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maine.gov\/dhhs\/mecdc\/healthy-living\/health-and-safety\/drinking-water-safety\/information-for-consumer\/roadside-springs\">roadside springs<\/a>. Contact the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maine.gov\/dhhs\/mecdc\/healthy-living\/health-and-safety\/drinking-water-safety\/information-for-consumer\/roadside-springs\">Drinking Water Program<\/a> to see if the spring is regulated and tested.<\/li>\n<li>Contact <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maine.gov\/dhhs\/mecdc\/environmental-health\/dwp\/professionals\/wellDrillers.shtml\">Licensed Well Drillers and Pump Installers<\/a> (scroll down to relevant links) to discuss options such as well replacement, or lowering an existing pump deeper into the water table.<\/li>\n<li>For homeowners \u2014 Resources are available to qualifying homeowners: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mainehousing.org\/programs-services\/HomeImprovement\/homeimprovementdetail\/home-repair\">Maine State Housing\u2019s Home Repair Program<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rd.usda.gov\/programs-services\/single-family-housing-repair-loans-grants\">USDA\u2019s Single Family Housing Loans and Grants<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>We need water for the farm. Where do we turn?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Check with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maine.gov\/dhhs\/mecdc\/healthy-living\/health-and-safety\/drinking-water-safety\/resources\/bulk-water-haulers\">bulk water haulers<\/a> or your <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.usfa.fema.gov\/registry\/\">local fire department<\/a> to see if they are able to assist you. Use a water storage system, not a well, that protects the water until needed.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/natural-resources\/water\/drinking-water\/best-practices\/water-system-planning-estimating-water-use\">Estimate water use<\/a> on the farm and at home to gauge how much water you will need to haul in.<\/li>\n<li>Consider Rainwater Harvesting \u2014 from barrels to cisterns.\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/femp\/rainwater-harvesting-systems-technology-review\">Rainwater Harvesting Systems Technology Review<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/rainwater-cisterns-design-construction-and-treatment\">Rainwater Cisterns: Design, Construction, and Treatment<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umn.edu\/how\/watering-vegetable-garden\">Watering the Vegetable Garden (Calculating Crop Water Demand)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>What are the additional safety concerns during times of drought?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Fire risks are significantly higher during times of drought. Having a fire extinguisher on your equipment can be the difference between minor damage and total loss. This <a href=\"https:\/\/umash.umn.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Preventing-Field-Fires-FSC-Updated-2022.06.pdf\">Farm Fire Safety Checklist<\/a> helps assess fire risks on the farm.<\/li>\n<li>Irrigation ponds and other water sources are visited more often during droughts. Depending on the steepness of the banks and the bottoms of water sources, there may be an increased risk of drowning. Keep children and livestock out of the areas.<\/li>\n<li>Lower irrigation water source levels can also lead to increased risks of contamination and produce safety. <a href=\"https:\/\/blog-fruit-vegetable-ipm.extension.umn.edu\/2022\/08\/using-ponds-or-streams-for-irrigation.html\">Keep food safety in mind when seeking water sources.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>I don\u2019t have enough hay to feed my livestock due to the drought? What can I do?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Check the <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/livestock\/hay\/\">Maine Hay Directory<\/a> or the <a href=\"https:\/\/americanhayexchange.com\/\">American Hay Exchange<\/a>. Plan for transport costs.<\/li>\n<li>For a rough approximation on what to pay for hay prices, check out the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ams.usda.gov\/market-news\/hay-reports\">Hay Report<\/a>. Scroll down and click on Pennsylvania Weekly Hay Report, which has the closest market information for Maine.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/livestock\/related-resources\/enoughforage\/\">Do You Have Enough Forage This Year?<\/a> helps you calculate the amount of forage you need, take stock of how much forage you currently have, and develop a plan going forward.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u201cOur hay crop is very short. Fields we got 28 round bales off last year we got 7 this year. We usually sell a third of what we put up for hay and this year we\u2019re looking to buy.\u201d<\/em> &#8212; Maine farmer, 2016<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>My crops\/pasture\/yard\/wildlife didn\u2019t have enough water this year. How can I make sure that doesn\u2019t happen again?<\/h3>\n<p>Start now to implement these practices to use your water supply efficiently and avoid future shortages.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmers.gov\/conservation\/water-quantity\">Managing Water Quantity.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Prepare your farm <a href=\"https:\/\/drought.unl.edu\/ranchplan\/BeforeDrought\/StartHereBeforeDrought.aspx\">before drought strikes.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Invest in irrigation. For more information, see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcs.usda.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-08\/Microirrigation%20Fact%20Sheet_IA%20NRCS_2025.pdf\">Small Farms: Irrigation (PDF)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/irrigation-for-fruit-and-vegetable-production\">Irrigation for Fruit and Vegetable Production<\/a>, which includes a chart of crops\u2019 critical watering times. <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/gardening\/2020\/06\/16\/how-to-water-your-garden\/\">Trickle irrigation<\/a> can be useful for home gardens. \u00a0See <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/programs-by-topic\/drought\/northeast-irrigation-supply-design-providers\/\">Northeast Irrigation Supply and Design<\/a>\u00a0for a listing of irrigation providers and products.<\/li>\n<li>Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) helps farmers <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcs.usda.gov\/getting-assistance\/disaster-recovery\">lessen the impacts of drought through conservation practices<\/a> such as irrigation pipeline, cover crops, mulching and more.\n<ul>\n<li>For technical and financial assistance, contact your <a href=\"https:\/\/offices.sc.egov.usda.gov\/locator\/app\">local NRCS office<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/soil-health\/\">Improve soil health<\/a> to prevent drought impacts.<\/li>\n<li>Learn more about the DACF <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maine.gov\/dacf\/ard\/grants\/farmers-drought-relief-program.shtml\">Farmer Drought Relief Fund<\/a> and the USDA NRCS <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcs.usda.gov\/programs-initiatives\/environmental-quality-incentives-program\">Environmental Quality Incentives Program<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcs.usda.gov\/programs-initiatives\/agricultural-management-assistance\">Agricultural Management Assistance<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcs.usda.gov\/programs-initiatives\/conservation-stewardship-program\">Conservation Stewardship Program.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>What are some crop-specific techniques I can use to help minimize damage from drought?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Forages and Grazing:\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/managing-crops-during-a-severe-drought-q-and-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/managing-crops-during-a-severe-drought-q-and-a&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1758735921011000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3mzikQbZ4YAzVrVwZxm5KD\">Managing Crops During a Severe Drought: Q and A<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/thoughts-for-drought-purchasing-forages\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/thoughts-for-drought-purchasing-forages&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1758735921011000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0f2Kkga2A8sHBZy75tPUb5\">Thoughts for Drought: Purchasing Forages<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/evaluating-and-maintaining-pastures-in-dry-conditions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/evaluating-and-maintaining-pastures-in-dry-conditions&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1758735921011000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0gcGMkz9EN2xKIMIxQxZNU\">Evaluating and Maintaining Pastures in Dry Conditions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/what-to-do-if-your-pastures-dont-come-back-in-the-spring\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/what-to-do-if-your-pastures-dont-come-back-in-the-spring&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1758735921011000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1lUqARpjYq8BEII7qcg-uE\">What to Do If Your Pastures Don&#8217;t Come Back in the Spring<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Turf and Landscaping:\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ag.umass.edu\/news\/dry-dry-dry-resources-for-landscapers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/ag.umass.edu\/news\/dry-dry-dry-resources-for-landscapers&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1758735921011000&amp;usg=AOvVaw34SE4CAuuDcidcEuCyed0g\">Resources for Landscapers<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/anrcatalog.ucanr.edu\/pdf\/8553.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/anrcatalog.ucanr.edu\/pdf\/8553.pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1758735921011000&amp;usg=AOvVaw03jvd1qixeEddv5Mt3wDNP\">Keeping Landscape Plants Alive (PDF)<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/extension.illinois.edu\/lawns\/managing-lawns-during-drought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/extension.illinois.edu\/lawns\/managing-lawns-during-drought&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1758735921011000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3KeHJwl4ggz1CDMWbpPF_C\">Managing Lawns<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Is crop insurance worth it for Maine farmers? Will it work for us? Where can I learn more?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Crop insurance protects farmer\u2019s crop yield or revenue from a wide range of adverse weather conditions such as drought, excess moisture, frost, freeze, etc. Failure of irrigation or water supply due to drought is also an insured type of loss.<\/li>\n<li>The best things farmers can do is be proactive and sign up for crop insurance ahead of time. If you wait until after the loss has occurred, recovery options and coverage are more limited.<\/li>\n<li>Go here to learn more about <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/agriculture\/maine-risk-management-and-crop-insurance-education-program\">crop insurance<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Crop insurance is purchased through private agents serving Maine. <a href=\"https:\/\/prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov\/apps\/AgentLocator\/#\/\">Locate an agent<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>For your questions and general guidance, please contact University of Maine Cooperative Extension Risk Management and Crop Insurance Professional Christina Howard at <a href=\"mailto:christina.howard@maine.edu\"><strong>christina.howard@maine.edu<\/strong><\/a> or 207.944.6391.<\/li>\n<li>Farmers get a free premium quote from a crop insurance agent or <a href=\"https:\/\/offices.sc.egov.usda.gov\/locator\/app\">county Farm Service Agency (FSA)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u201cCrop insurance helps me sleep better at night. The few years it was a real disaster, the money we received certainly helped our bottom line.\u201d<\/em> &#8212; Maine farmer, 2016<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>What crops are covered by crop insurance policies for weather-related loss?<\/h3>\n<p>Most crops grown in Maine are eligible for some type of risk management program coverage through the Federal crop insurance program or the FSA Non-insured Crop Disaster Assistance Program (NAP). For more information, refer to the resources given in the \u201cIs crop insurance worth it?\u201d question above.<\/p>\n<h3>Will there be natural disaster assistance after the drought has occurred?<\/h3>\n<p>It depends. Federal farm programs may be available through the FSA to help farmers recover from drought. For example, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fsa.usda.gov\/resources\/programs\/livestock-forage-disaster-program-lfp#:~:text=The%20Livestock%20Forage%20Disaster%20Program%20%28LFP%29%2C%20administered%20by,drought%20conditions%20or%20fire%20on%20federally%20managed%20rangelands\">Livestock Forage Program<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fsa.usda.gov\/programs-and-services\/disaster-assistance-program\/emergency-assist-for-livestock-honey-bees-fish\/index\">Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honeybees, and Farm Raised Fish<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fsa.usda.gov\/programs-and-services\/disaster-assistance-program\/livestock-indemnity\/index\">Livestock Indemnity Program<\/a> provide assistance to farmers suffering from grazing and livestock losses. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fsa.usda.gov\/resources\/programs\/tree-assistance-program-tap\">Tree Assistance Program<\/a> is available to orchardists and nursery growers who have experienced losses due to natural disasters.\u00a0Also, depending on the extent and severity of the drought, assistance to qualifying farmers in the form of low-interest emergency loans may be available. Contact your <a href=\"http:\/\/offices.sc.egov.usda.gov\/locator\/app\">county FSA office<\/a> for details.<\/p>\n<h3>What else can our farm do to protect itself?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Fill out a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rma.usda.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/topics\/risk_management_checklist.pdf\">risk management checklist (PDF)<\/a> or do a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rma.usda.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/topics\/swot_brochure.pdf\">SWOT analysis (PDF)<\/a> to identify areas for improvement.<\/li>\n<li>Modify your management practices or integrate a new technology.<\/li>\n<li>Consider purchasing crop insurance to provide additional protection.<\/li>\n<li>Stay informed about climate and agriculture in Maine, visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/climate-ag\/\">Maine Climate and Ag Network<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Do you have other tips for farmers and gardeners in addressing drought? Do you want to discuss specific concerns about your farm or garden?<\/h3>\n<p>If so, please contact <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/county-offices\/\">your local UMaine Extension office<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>My well ran dry. My livestock might need hay this winter. The lawn is dying&#8230;. What do I do? By Cathryn Kloetzli, Extension Professional, and Erin Roche, Crop Insurance Education Program Manager, University of Maine Cooperative Extension Updated (September 2025) by Jason Lilley, Assistant Extension Professor of Sustainable Agriculture As a farmer, gardener or landowner, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":0,"parent":9,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7643","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Resources to Navigate Drought Successfully - Cooperative Extension: Agriculture - University of Maine Cooperative Extension<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Successfully navigate the impacts of drought; 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