{"id":2384,"date":"2013-02-07T13:18:19","date_gmt":"2013-02-07T18:18:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/?page_id=2384"},"modified":"2026-04-14T11:30:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T15:30:48","slug":"growing-grapes-in-maine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/","title":{"rendered":"Growing Grapes in Maine"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/Grapes2013.ppt\"><strong>Growing Grapes in Maine (PowerPoint Presentation)<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>David T. Handley, Vegetable &amp; Small Fruit Specialist, University of Maine Cooperative Extension<br \/>\nJanuary 2013<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Table of Contents<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#expectations\">Grape Expectations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#plant\">The Grape Plant<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#growth\">Grape Growth<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#varieties\">Grape Varieties<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#hardy-varieties\">Hardy Grape Varieties<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#hybrid-types\">Hybrid Types<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#site-selection\">Site Selection<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#site-preparation\">Site Preparation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#planting-grapes\">Planting Grapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#establishing-vineyard\">Establishing the Vineyard<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#trellising-grapes\">Trellising Grapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#irrigation\">Irrigation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#training-grapes\">Training Grapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#growing-grapes\">Growing Grapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#pruning-grapes\">Pruning Grapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#fertilizing-grapes\">Fertilizing Grapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#harvesting-grapes\">Harvesting Grapes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#grape-problems\">Grape Problems<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#bottom-line\">Maine Grapes: Bottom Line<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#grape-resources\">Grape Resources<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"expectations\"><\/a>Grape Expectations<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>What are your goals?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Personal<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Financial<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Grapes = high-risk crop<\/li>\n<li>Invest wisely<\/li>\n<li>Or not at all<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scale<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Home Garden\/Hobby<\/li>\n<li>Commercial<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Table Grapes<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Market?\n<ul>\n<li>Quality, quantity, competition<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wine Grapes<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Variety very limited<\/li>\n<li>Quality\/quantity of product<\/li>\n<li>Market?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/rows-of-grape-vines.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"187\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/rows-of-grape-vines.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"rows of grape vines\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/rows-of-grape-vines.jpg 250w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/rows-of-grape-vines-105x79.jpg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,250px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/mature-purple-grapes-on-the-vine.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"187\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/mature-purple-grapes-on-the-vine.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"mature purple grapes on the vine\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/mature-purple-grapes-on-the-vine.jpg 250w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/mature-purple-grapes-on-the-vine-105x79.jpg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,250px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grape-vines-in-winter.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"205\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grape-vines-in-winter.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"grape vines in winter\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grape-vines-in-winter.jpg 250w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grape-vines-in-winter-105x86.jpg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,250px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<h4><strong>Potential (likely) Problems<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Winter injury<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Buds, Cane, Trunk<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Short growing season<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>need early maturity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pest Problems<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Diseases, insects<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Markets<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"plant\"><\/a>The Grape Plant<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>Perennial Vines<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Long-lived (?) trunk<\/li>\n<li>Fruit on 1 yr. old canes\n<ul>\n<li><em>Lubrusca<\/em> types: buds 3-5<\/li>\n<li><em>Vinifera<\/em> types: buds 1-3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Self-layering (rooting)<\/li>\n<li>Self-fertile (mostly)<\/li>\n<li>Long growing season (160+ days)<\/li>\n<li>Winter-tender<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 25%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-4 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapes-on-the-vine.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"235\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapes-on-the-vine-300x235.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"grapes on the vine\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapes-on-the-vine-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapes-on-the-vine-105x82.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapes-on-the-vine-317x248.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapes-on-the-vine-423x331.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapes-on-the-vine.jpg 596w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapevine-trunk.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"205\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapevine-trunk-300x205.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"grape vine trunk\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapevine-trunk-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapevine-trunk-105x72.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapevine-trunk-317x217.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapevine-trunk-423x289.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapevine-trunk-634x433.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/grapevine-trunk.jpg 644w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cordon.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"186\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cordon-300x186.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"cordon grapes\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-2408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cordon-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cordon-105x65.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cordon-317x197.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cordon-423x262.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cordon-634x393.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cordon.jpg 729w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-2408'>\n\t\t\t\t<em>Cordon, e.g. Geneva Double Curtain<\/em>\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"164\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-164x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"grape cane\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-164x300.jpg 164w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-77x140.jpg 77w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane.jpg 228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 164px) 100vw, 164px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<h4><strong>Trunk<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Long-lived (?), perennial<\/li>\n<li>1\u2019-7\u2019 tall, depending on the training system<\/li>\n<li>Winter hardy to -10\u00ba to -40\u00ba<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Cordon<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Permanent branch, perpendicular to the trunk<\/li>\n<li>Supports fruiting (1 yr old) canes<\/li>\n<li>Improves exposure, eases harvest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Cane<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>One-year-old vine growth<\/li>\n<li>Supports buds, fruiting shoots<\/li>\n<li>Health of cane determines the quality of the crop\n<ul>\n<li>Most productive: moderate vigor<\/li>\n<li>3\/8\u201d thick<\/li>\n<li>Chocolate brown color<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Internodes: space between buds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Shoots<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Current year\u2019s growth (green)<\/li>\n<li>Support fruit at nodes<\/li>\n<li>Will be canes next year<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-3' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"268\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-1-300x268.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"shoot on grape plant\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-1-300x268.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-1-105x94.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-1-317x284.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-1-423x378.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-1.jpg 437w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-2.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-2-300x250.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"shoots on grape plant\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-2-300x250.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-2-105x88.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-2-317x264.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-2-423x353.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-2.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-3.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-3-150x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"shoots on grape plant\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-3-150x300.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-3-70x140.jpg 70w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/shoots-3.jpg 257w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"growth\"><\/a>Grape Growth<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2425\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts.jpg\" alt=\"parts of the grape plant: cane, buds, flowers, shoots\" width=\"600\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts.jpg 920w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts-768x465.jpg 768w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts-105x64.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts-317x192.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts-423x256.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts-634x384.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts-846x512.jpg 846w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/growth.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2433 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/growth-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"illustration showing internode, lateral, node, and fruiting cane\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/growth-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/growth-105x131.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/growth-317x396.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/growth.jpg 368w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,240px\" \/><\/a>Shoot Growth<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Buds form at nodes\n<ul>\n<li>At leaf base<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Next years shoots (dormant)<\/li>\n<li>May produce laterals<\/li>\n<li>Fruit clusters<\/li>\n<li>1-2 cluster\/shoot\n<ul>\n<li>Remove excess clusters<\/li>\n<li>Furthest from base<\/li>\n<li>Better fruit size, ripening<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Vine Growth<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Vines can grow 15\u2019+\/year! Make sure they have adequate space and light.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-4 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-4 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-4 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-4 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-4' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"206\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2-300x206.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"grape cane recently pruned\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2-768x527.jpg 768w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2-105x72.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2-317x218.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2-423x290.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2-634x435.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/cane-2.jpg 785w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/space.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"207\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/space-300x207.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"growth of grape vine after one year\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/space-300x207.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/space-105x72.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/space-317x219.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/space-423x292.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/space-634x437.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/space.jpg 680w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"varieties\"><\/a>Grape Varieties<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>What should you look for?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Hardiness<\/li>\n<li>Early maturity<\/li>\n<li>Hardiness<\/li>\n<li>Table vs. wine quality<\/li>\n<li>Hardiness<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistance\n<ul>\n<li>Hardiness<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong><em>Lubrusca<\/em> Types<\/strong> <em><br \/>\n(Vitus labrusca)<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Native, hardy<\/li>\n<li>Sweet, strong \u201cfoxy\u201d flavor\n<ul>\n<li>e.g. \u201cConcord\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Blue\/black, red, white\n<ul>\n<li>Some seedless<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Mostly table quality<\/li>\n<li>Limited wine utility<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong><em>Vinifera<\/em> Types<\/strong> <em><br \/>\n(Vitus vinifera)<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>European orgin<\/li>\n<li><em>Not<\/em> hardy<\/li>\n<li>No \u201cfoxy\u201d flavor, less sweet\n<ul>\n<li>e.g. \u201cChardonnay\u201d, \u201cCabernet\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Blue\/black, red, white<\/li>\n<li>Limited table utility<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Hybrid Types<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>(labrusca x vinifera [x ripera])<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Interspecific crosses<\/li>\n<li>Improved hardiness over <em>vinifera<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Improved wine quality over <em>labrusca<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Active northern breeding programs<\/li>\n<li>Improved potential for NE wines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"hardy-varieties\"><\/a>Hardy Grape Varieties<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>Concord (Lubrusca) Types<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">(Click on thumbnails to view enlargements.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Blue\/Black: Table and Juice<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/lubrusca.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2439 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/lubrusca-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Lubrusca-type grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/lubrusca-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/lubrusca-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Beta<\/li>\n<li>King of the North<\/li>\n<li>Valiant<\/li>\n<li>Bluebell<\/li>\n<li>Fredonia<\/li>\n<li>Worden<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Beta, King of the North<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/king-of-the-north-.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2474 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/king-of-the-north--150x150.jpg\" alt=\"King of the North grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/king-of-the-north--150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/king-of-the-north--32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early maturity<\/li>\n<li>Small, blue\/black fruit<\/li>\n<li>Seeded<\/li>\n<li>Juice, jelly, table<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Valiant<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/valient.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2475 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/valient-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Valiant grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/valient-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/valient-340x338.jpg 340w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/valient-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very hardy (ripera cross)<\/li>\n<li>Early maturity<\/li>\n<li>Small, blue\/black fruit<\/li>\n<li>Seeded<\/li>\n<li>Juice, jelly, table<\/li>\n<li>Flavor only fair<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Bluebell<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/bluebell.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2477 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/bluebell-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Bluebell grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/bluebell-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/bluebell-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Medium, blue\/black fruit<\/li>\n<li>Seeded<\/li>\n<li>Juice, jelly, table<\/li>\n<li>Good flavor<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Fredonia<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/fredonia.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2479 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/fredonia-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Fredonia grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/fredonia-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/fredonia-590x592.jpg 590w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/fredonia-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Mid-late maturity<\/li>\n<li>Med-large blue\/black<\/li>\n<li>Seeded<\/li>\n<li>Juice, jelly, table, wine?<\/li>\n<li>Good flavor (Concord)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Candice<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/candice.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2481 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/candice-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Candice grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/candice-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/candice-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Hardy?<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Small-med red\/pink fruit<\/li>\n<li>Seedless<\/li>\n<li>Table, juice<\/li>\n<li>Good flavor; v. sweet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Reliance<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/reliance.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2482 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/reliance-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Reliance grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/reliance-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/reliance-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Hardy?<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Med. red\/pink fruit<\/li>\n<li>Seedless<\/li>\n<li>Table, juice, wine?<\/li>\n<li>Good flavor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Vanessa<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/vanessa.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2484 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/vanessa-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Vanessa grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/vanessa-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/vanessa-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Hardy?<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Med. red fruit<\/li>\n<li>Seedless<\/li>\n<li>Table, juice, wine<\/li>\n<li>Good flavor, texture<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Somerset<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/somerset.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2485 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/somerset-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Somerset grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/somerset-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/somerset-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Med. red fruit<\/li>\n<li>Seedless<\/li>\n<li>Table, juice, wine<\/li>\n<li>Good flavor, texture<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Edelweiss<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/edelweiss.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2486 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/edelweiss-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Edelweiss grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/edelweiss-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/edelweiss-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Med. white fruit<\/li>\n<li>Seeded<\/li>\n<li>Table, juice, wine<\/li>\n<li>Good flavor, texture<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"hybrid-types\"><\/a>Hybrid Types<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">(Click on thumbnails to view enlargements.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Frontenac, +Gris, +Blanc<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/frontenac.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2488 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/frontenac-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Frontenac Gris and Blanc grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/frontenac-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/frontenac-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Mid-late maturity<\/li>\n<li>Small, blue\/black fruit\n<ul>\n<li>Amber (Gris)<\/li>\n<li>White (Blanc)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Wine<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Marechal Foch<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/marechal-foch.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2490 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/marechal-foch-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Marechal Foch grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/marechal-foch-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/marechal-foch-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Small, blue\/black fruit<\/li>\n<li>Wine (blending)<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>St. Croix<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/st-croix.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2492 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/st-croix-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"St. Croix grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/st-croix-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/st-croix-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Small, blue\/red fruit<\/li>\n<li>Wine, table<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Sabrevois<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/sabrevois.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2493 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/sabrevois-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrevois grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/sabrevois-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/sabrevois-587x592.jpg 587w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/sabrevois-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Small, blue\/red fruit<\/li>\n<li>Wine<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Marquette<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/marquette.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2495 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/marquette-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Marquette grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/marquette-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/marquette-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Small, blue\/red fruit<\/li>\n<li>Wine<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Kay Gray<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2496 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Kay Gray grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray-105x105.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray-317x317.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray-423x423.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray-32x32.jpg 32w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/kay-gray.jpg 579w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Med-Large, white fruit<\/li>\n<li>Wine<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Prairie Star<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/prairie-star.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2497 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/prairie-star-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Prairie Star grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/prairie-star-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/prairie-star-530x535.jpg 530w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/prairie-star-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Very Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Medium, white fruit<\/li>\n<li>Wine<\/li>\n<li>Disease resistant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>St. Pepin<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/st-pepin.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-2498 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/st-pepin-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"St. Pepin grapes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/st-pepin-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/st-pepin-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Hardy<\/li>\n<li>Early-mid maturity<\/li>\n<li>Medium, white fruit<\/li>\n<li>Wine (sweet)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong> DIY Grape Variety Trials<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Test them yourself!<\/li>\n<li>Talk to other growers<\/li>\n<li>Always trial new varieties in small plantings (reduce risk)<\/li>\n<li>Plant new varieties next to a standard for your area<\/li>\n<li>Observe for at least two harvest seasons before \u201cbuying in\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Get customer feedback<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"site-selection\"><\/a>Site Selection<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2500 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-300x223.jpg\" alt=\"row of grapevines\" width=\"300\" height=\"223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-105x78.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-317x236.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-423x315.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection.jpg 544w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2545 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-2-210x300.jpg\" alt=\"wet, muddy soil\" width=\"210\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-2-210x300.jpg 210w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-2-98x140.jpg 98w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-2-317x453.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-selection-2.jpg 368w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,210px\" \/><\/a>Exposure<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Full Sunlight<\/li>\n<li>Protected from wind\n<ul>\n<li>Windbreaks<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Run rows North to South<\/li>\n<li>0 to 8% slope<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Soils<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Many types acceptable\n<ul>\n<li>Sand to silt, but not clay<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Well-drained<\/li>\n<li>High % organic matter\n<ul>\n<li>(4-6% or more)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Soil pH: 6.0 to 6.8<\/li>\n<li><strong>Take a soil test!<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"site-preparation\"><\/a>Site Preparation <\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2549\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-300x252.jpg\" alt=\"man rototilling garden\" width=\"238\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-300x252.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-105x88.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-317x266.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation.jpg 422w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,238px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2550\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-2-300x268.jpg\" alt=\"field of weeds\" width=\"224\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-2-300x268.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-2-105x94.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-2-317x283.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-2-423x377.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/site-preparation-2.jpg 473w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,224px\" \/><\/a>Soil Test<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>pH, nutrients, o.m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Soil Amendments<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Lime, dolomite, sulfur\n<ul>\n<li>Modify pH to 6-7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fertilizer (N-P-K)<\/li>\n<li>Organic Matter<\/li>\n<li>Compost, manure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Eliminate Weeds<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Tillage<\/li>\n<li>Herbicides<\/li>\n<li>Pre-Plant Cover Crops\n<ul>\n<li>Decrease Weeds<\/li>\n<li>Increase Organic Matter<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fallow<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"planting-grapes\"><\/a>Planting Grapes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2552 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-162x300.jpg\" alt=\"newly planted vine\" width=\"162\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-162x300.jpg 162w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-75x140.jpg 75w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting.jpg 242w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2553 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-2-300x221.jpg\" alt=\"row of staked grape vines, using grow tubes\" width=\"300\" height=\"221\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-2-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-2-105x77.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-2-317x234.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-2-423x312.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-2.jpg 442w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>Use 1-year old plants\n<ul>\n<li>Bare root or potted\n<ul>\n<li>$5-10 ea.<\/li>\n<li>600 to 800\/acre<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Soak roots before planting\n<ul>\n<li>1-3 hours (don\u2019t drown them)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Plant at nursery depth<\/li>\n<li>No fertilizer!\n<ul>\n<li>Add compost to backfill<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Support stake<\/li>\n<li>Prune to 1-2 shoots<\/li>\n<li>Water in<\/li>\n<li>Apply grow tubes?\n<ul>\n<li>3.5\u201d dia. x 30\u201d height<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Mulch: increase moisture, decrease weeds\n<ul>\n<li>Woodchips, bark, plastic<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Remove in fall\n<ul>\n<li>Sun and mouse damage<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Spacing:\n<ul>\n<li>8-10\u2019 between plants<\/li>\n<li>8-14\u2019 between rows<\/li>\n<li>600 to 800\/acre<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Use stakes or string to train shoot up to trellis wire (or grow tubes)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2556 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/establishing.jpg\" alt=\"newly established grape vine\" width=\"232\" height=\"312\" \/><a id=\"establishing-vineyard\"><\/a>Establishing the Vineyard<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Establish sod between rows\n<ul>\n<li>Fall prior to planting\n<ul>\n<li>Eases planting activities<\/li>\n<li>May compete with vines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fall after planting\n<ul>\n<li>No competition<\/li>\n<li>Must control weeds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Use slow-growing lawn mix\n<ul>\n<li>Hard fescue\/bluegrass<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"trellising-grapes\"><\/a>Trellising Grapes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Endposts\n<ul>\n<li>Set at least 2\u2019 deep<\/li>\n<li>Angle away from row 45\u00ba<\/li>\n<li>Anchor with wire<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Posts every 24\u2019<\/li>\n<li>Attach two trellis wires\n<ul>\n<li>At heights of 2.5\u2019 and 5\u2019<\/li>\n<li>#9 galvanized wire\n<ul>\n<li>Adjustable tension<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(Click on thumbnails to view enlargements.)<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-5 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-5 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 25%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-5 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-5 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-5' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-4 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"231\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-1-300x231.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"trellised grapevines\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-1-300x231.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-1-105x81.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-1-317x245.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-1-423x326.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-1.jpg 464w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-2.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"140\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-2-300x140.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"trellised grapevines\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-2-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-2-105x49.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-2-317x148.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-2-423x197.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-2.jpg 467w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-3.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"222\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-3-300x222.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"trellised grapevine\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-3-300x222.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-3-105x78.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-3-317x234.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-3.jpg 421w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"236\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-236x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"trellised grapevines\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-5-2561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-236x300.jpg 236w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-105x133.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-317x403.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4.jpg 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,236px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-5-2561'>\n\t\t\t\tFirst &#8211; second year.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2563\" src=\"http:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/irrigation.jpg\" alt=\"irrigated grapevines\" width=\"210\" height=\"294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/irrigation.jpg 262w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/irrigation-214x300.jpg 214w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/irrigation-100x140.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,210px\" \/><a id=\"irrigation\"><\/a>Irrigation<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Adequate water is critical!\n<ul>\n<li>Establishment<\/li>\n<li>Fruit sizing, quality<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Avoid watering foliage\n<ul>\n<li>Encourages disease<\/li>\n<li>Wastes water<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Trickle or drip systems best\n<ul>\n<li>Require less water and pressure<\/li>\n<li>Require clean water\n<ul>\n<li>Filters<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"training-grapes\"><\/a>Training Grapes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>Video: Caring for Young Grape Vines\u00a0<\/strong>(YouTube)<\/h4>\n<div class=\"responsive-video\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Caring for Young Grape Vines\" width=\"1268\" height=\"713\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nkJHaZSS5eQ?wmode=transparent&amp;rel=0&amp;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h4><strong>Video: Four Arm Kniffin System for Growing Grapes\u00a0<\/strong>(YouTube)<\/h4>\n<div class=\"responsive-video\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Four Arm Kniffin System for Growing Grapes\" width=\"1268\" height=\"713\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0-XQ_ukRMFA?wmode=transparent&amp;rel=0&amp;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-6 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-6 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-6 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-6 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-6' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"202\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-1-300x202.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"illustration showing the trunk, one-year-old canes and renewal spurs of a grapevine\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-6-2565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-1-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-1-105x71.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-1-317x214.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-1-423x285.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-1-634x427.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-1.jpg 668w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-6-2565'>\n\t\t\t\tPerennial trunk, annual cane renewal.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"118\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2-300x118.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"illustration showing grapevine training techniques for year 1, 2, 3, 4 and on\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2-300x118.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2-768x302.jpg 768w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2-105x41.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2-317x125.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2-423x166.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2-634x250.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2-846x333.jpg 846w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/training-2.jpg 935w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Trellis: 4-Arm Kniffin<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Two Wires<\/li>\n<li>Low wire, 3 feet<\/li>\n<li>High wire, 5 feet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>First Year:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Remove all but one strong cane<\/li>\n<li>Cut remaining cane to 2 buds<\/li>\n<li>Tie to stake for support<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Second<\/strong>&#8211;<strong>Third Year:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Train trunk to the top wire<\/li>\n<li>Remove all shoots between wires<\/li>\n<li>Cut shoots on the low wire to two buds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Mature Vines<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>4 to 6 canes (1-year-old)\n<ul>\n<li>5 to 12 buds each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>4 to 6 renewal spurs\n<ul>\n<li>2 buds each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Total 40-60 buds per plant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(Click on thumbnails to view enlargements.)<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-7 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-7 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-7 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-7 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-7' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-3.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"279\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-3-279x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"producer in vineyard\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-7-2554\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-3-279x300.jpg 279w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-3-105x113.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-3-317x341.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/planting-3.jpg 349w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,279px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-7-2554'>\n\t\t\t\tFirst year.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"236\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-236x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"trellised grapevines\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-7-2561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-236x300.jpg 236w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-105x133.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-317x403.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4.jpg 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,236px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-7-2561'>\n\t\t\t\tFirst &#8211; second year.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-3.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-3-300x224.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Mature vines: trunk, renewal spurs, 1-year-old canes\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-7-2578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-3-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-3-105x78.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-3-317x237.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-3-423x316.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-3-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-3.jpg 502w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-7-2578'>\n\t\t\t\tMature vines.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<figure id=\"2580\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2580 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4-300x224.jpg\" alt=\"Training grapevines: 4-Arm Kniffin\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4-768x574.jpg 768w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4-105x78.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4-317x237.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4-423x316.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4-634x474.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-4.jpg 788w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">4-Arm Kniffin<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><strong>Video: Umbrella Kniffin System for Growing Grapes<\/strong> (YouTube)<\/h4>\n<div class=\"responsive-video\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Umbrella Kniffin System for Growing Grapes\" width=\"1268\" height=\"713\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ApcQOp-IEgk?wmode=transparent&amp;rel=0&amp;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p><strong>First \u2013 Second Year:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Remove all but one strong cane<\/li>\n<li>Cut remaining cane to two buds<\/li>\n<li>Tie to stake for support<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Second<\/strong> <strong>\u2013 Third Year:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Train trunk to the top wire<\/li>\n<li>Remove all but two shoots at top of the trunk<\/li>\n<li>Drape over top wire, secure to low wire<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Mature Vines<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>4 canes (1-year-old)\n<ul>\n<li>10 to 12 buds each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>2 to 4 renewal spurs\n<ul>\n<li>two buds each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Total 40-50 buds per plant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Click on images to\u00a0view enlargements.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-8 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-8 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-8 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-8 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-8' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"236\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-236x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"trellised grapevines\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-8-2561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-236x300.jpg 236w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-105x133.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4-317x403.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/trellising-4.jpg 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,236px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-8-2561'>\n\t\t\t\tFirst &#8211; second year.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-5.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-5-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Training grapevines\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-8-2582\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-5-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-5-105x79.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-5-317x237.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-5-423x317.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-5.jpg 470w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-8-2582'>\n\t\t\t\tSecond-third year\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-6.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-6-169x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Illustrations showing mature vines, unpruned and pruned\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-8-2583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-6-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-6-79x140.jpg 79w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-6.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 169px) 100vw, 169px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-8-2583'>\n\t\t\t\tMature vines.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<figure id=\"2585\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2585 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7-300x226.jpg\" alt=\"Training grapvines: Umbrella Kniffin\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7-105x79.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7-317x238.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7-423x318.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7-634x477.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-7.jpg 770w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Umbrella Kniffin<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2587\" src=\"http:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-8.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration showing how to train tender varieties or for cold sites: Canes, R. spurs, Trunk, &quot;Hinge&quot;\" width=\"182\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-8.jpg 378w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-8-234x300.jpg 234w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-8-105x135.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-8-317x407.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,182px\" \/>Tender Varieties &amp; Cold Sites<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Bend 1st-year shoot 90\u00ba for approximately 12\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Bend back up to form \u201chinge\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Use stakes and wire to train shoot<\/li>\n<li>Pull plant off trellis in fall\n<ul>\n<li>Hinge allows trunk to bend<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Cover with soil or mulch<\/li>\n<li>Return to trellis in spring<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Fan System or VSP (Vertical shoot positioning)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>First \u2013 Second Year:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Remove all but one strong cane<\/li>\n<li>Cut remaining cane to two buds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Second<\/strong> <strong>\u2013 Third Year:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Shorten two canes to 3-4 buds\n<ul>\n<li>Remove all others<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Tie 2-4 canes to wires\n<ul>\n<li>Spread to fan pattern<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Mature Vines<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>4 to 6 canes (1-year-old)\n<ul>\n<li>10 to 12 buds each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>2 to 4 renewal spurs\n<ul>\n<li>2 buds each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Total 40-50 buds per plant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(Click on thumbnails to view enlargements.)<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-9 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-9 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-9 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-9 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-9' class='gallery galleryid-2384 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-medium'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-9.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-9-207x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Training grapevines\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-9-2588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-9-207x300.jpg 207w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-9-97x140.jpg 97w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-9-317x460.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-9.jpg 318w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,207px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-9-2588'>\n\t\t\t\tFirst &#8211; second year.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-10.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"140\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-10-140x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Illustration showing how to train grapevines, unpruned and pruned\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-9-2589\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-10-140x300.jpg 140w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-10-65x140.jpg 65w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-10.jpg 187w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 140px) 100vw, 140px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-9-2589'>\n\t\t\t\tSecond &#8211; third year.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-11.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-11-300x224.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Training geapevines\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-9-2590\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-11-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-11-105x78.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-11-317x237.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-11-423x316.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/training-11.jpg 482w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-9-2590'>\n\t\t\t\tMature vines.\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"growing-grapes\"><\/a>Growing Grapes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/growing.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2592\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/growing.jpg\" alt=\"grapes growing on trellises\" width=\"500\" height=\"215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/growing.jpg 723w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/growing-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/growing-105x45.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/growing-317x136.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/growing-423x182.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/growing-634x273.jpg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,500px\" \/><\/a>Walls, fences, arbors, etc.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Protected, full sunlight<\/li>\n<li>Keep trunk, canes low<\/li>\n<li>Lower and cover for winter<\/li>\n<li>Prune to 40-60 buds\/plant\n<ul>\n<li>5-15 buds\/cane<\/li>\n<li>4-15 canes or spurs\/trunk<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"pruning-grapes\"><\/a>Pruning Grapes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2595\" src=\"http:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning.jpg\" alt=\"pruning grapevines\" width=\"328\" height=\"339\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning.jpg 410w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-290x300.jpg 290w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-105x109.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-317x328.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,328px\" \/>December \u2013 March<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>When canes are fully dormant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Prune out<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>old canes (2+ years)<\/li>\n<li>weak canes<\/li>\n<li>injured\\diseased<\/li>\n<li>\u201cbull wood\u201d (&gt; \u00bd\u201d thick)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Select 1-year old canes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>3\/8\u201d diameter<\/li>\n<li>Chocolate brown<\/li>\n<li>Healthy (green interior)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Retain 1-6 fruiting canes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>5-12 buds each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Retain 2-6 renewal spurs<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>two buds each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2597 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-2-300x193.jpg\" alt=\"pruned grapevine showing healthy cane with 5-12 buds, renewal spur with 2 buds, and the trunk\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-2-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-2-768x495.jpg 768w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-2-105x68.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-2-317x204.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-2-423x273.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-2-634x408.jpg 634w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/pruning-2.jpg 846w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/p>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"fertilizing-grapes\"><\/a>Fertilizing Grapes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Maintain pH at 6-7<\/li>\n<li>Soil test every two-three years<\/li>\n<li>Spring\n<ul>\n<li>Apply ~ 2oz. N, 1 oz. P and K<\/li>\n<li>Or \u00bd lb. 10-6-4 per plant<\/li>\n<li>~20 lbs. N per Acre<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Mid-June\n<ul>\n<li>Repeat application<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"harvesting-grapes\"><\/a>Harvesting Grapes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/harvesting.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2599 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/harvesting-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"ripe grapes\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/harvesting-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/harvesting-105x79.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/harvesting-317x238.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/harvesting.jpg 393w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a>Long Season Crop<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>120-160 frost-free days<\/li>\n<li>Color before ripe<\/li>\n<li>Need to develop sweetness\n<ul>\n<li>Brix: 15-20+<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Test by taste\n<ul>\n<li>Won\u2019t improve postharvest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Yield 0-25 lbs. per plant\n<ul>\n<li>0-4 tons\/acre<\/li>\n<li>12 lbs. yields approximately 1 gal. juice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"grape-problems\"><\/a>Grape Problems<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>Winter Injury<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Dry, light brown or gray canes\n<ul>\n<li>No green within canes<\/li>\n<li>No green within buds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Labrusca types\n<ul>\n<li>-15 to -20\u00ba: bud and cane injury<\/li>\n<li>-25 or lower: trunk injury<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Vinifera hybrids\n<ul>\n<li>0 to -10\u00ba: bud and cane injury<\/li>\n<li>-15 or lower: trunk injury<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Weeds<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/problems-weeds.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2600 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/problems-weeds-237x300.jpg\" alt=\"weeds around grapevines\" width=\"237\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/problems-weeds-237x300.jpg 237w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/problems-weeds-105x133.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/problems-weeds-317x401.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/problems-weeds.jpg 331w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,237px\" \/><\/a>Most significant pest<\/li>\n<li>Delay establishment<\/li>\n<li>Reduce plant growth<\/li>\n<li>Reduce yield and quality<\/li>\n<li>Harbor insects and diseases<\/li>\n<li>Management\n<ul>\n<li>Eliminate pre-plant<\/li>\n<li>Cultivation<\/li>\n<li>Mulch<\/li>\n<li>Some hand-pulling will be necessary!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Diseases<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Caused by fungi<\/li>\n<li>Favor moist environment<\/li>\n<li>Management Keys:\n<ul>\n<li>Good air circulation<\/li>\n<li>Good pruning<\/li>\n<li>Sanitation<\/li>\n<li>Fungicides?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Black Rot<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Management\n<ul>\n<li>Good air circulation<\/li>\n<li>Good pruning<\/li>\n<li>Sanitation\n<ul>\n<li>Remove mummies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fungicides\n<ul>\n<li>Apply spring to ripening\n<ul>\n<li>Flint, Pristine, Ferbam<\/li>\n<li>Copper<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Botrytis Bunch Rot<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Management\n<ul>\n<li>Good air circulation<\/li>\n<li>Good pruning<\/li>\n<li>Sanitation\n<ul>\n<li>Remove mummies, debris<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fungicides\n<ul>\n<li>Apply spring to ripening\n<ul>\n<li>Captan, Pristine, Elevate<\/li>\n<li>Copper<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\" align=\"right\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4><strong>Downy Mildew<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Management\n<ul>\n<li>Good air circulation<\/li>\n<li>Good pruning<\/li>\n<li>Sanitation\n<ul>\n<li>Remove debris<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fungicides\n<ul>\n<li>Apply late spring to ripening\n<ul>\n<li>Prophyt\u00ae, Pristine\u00ae,<\/li>\n<li>Copper, Sulfur*<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Powdery Mildew<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Management\n<ul>\n<li>Good air circulation<\/li>\n<li>Good pruning<\/li>\n<li>Sanitation<\/li>\n<li>Fungicides\n<ul>\n<li>Apply at first sign of infection\n<ul>\n<li>Pristine, Sovran\u00ae, Flint\u00ae, Procure\u00ae<\/li>\n<li>Copper, Sulfur*<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Insects<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Management Keys:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<figure id=\"2620\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2620 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-2-300x145.jpg\" alt=\"honey bee on flower\" width=\"300\" height=\"145\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-2-300x145.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-2-105x51.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-2-317x153.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-2-423x204.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-2.jpg 425w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Most insects are not pests!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Keep plants healthy<\/li>\n<li>Remove alternate hosts\n<ul>\n<li>Especially weeds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Management Options:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hand picking<\/li>\n<li>Predators\/parasites<\/li>\n<li>Sanitation<\/li>\n<li>Insecticides<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Japanese beetle<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2621 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-1-300x181.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese beetles on grape leaf\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-1-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-1-105x63.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-1-317x191.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-1-423x255.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-1.jpg 428w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2622 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-3-216x300.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese beetle trap\" width=\"216\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-3-216x300.jpg 216w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-3-101x140.jpg 101w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-3.jpg 230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,216px\" \/><\/a>Feed on leaves, fruit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Management<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hand picking<\/li>\n<li>Insecticides\n<ul>\n<li>Sevin\u00ae, Assail\u00ae<\/li>\n<li>Neem, Surround\u00ae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Traps: ineffective<\/li>\n<li>Grub control: ineffective<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Leaf Hoppers<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Feed on leaf underside<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Management<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sanitation\n<ul>\n<li>Remove debris<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Insecticides\n<ul>\n<li>Provado\u00ae, Assail\u00ae, Sevin\u00ae<\/li>\n<li>JMS Stylet oil\u00ae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Phylloxera<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-7.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2627 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-7-285x300.jpg\" alt=\"galls on grape leaf caused by Phylloxera\" width=\"285\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-7-285x300.jpg 285w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-7-105x111.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-7-317x334.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-7.jpg 381w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,285px\" \/><\/a>Cause galls on leaves<\/li>\n<li>Usually not significant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Management<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Remove infected leaves<\/li>\n<li>Insecticides\n<ul>\n<li>Malathion, Sevin\u00ae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Spray Schedule<\/strong><\/h4>\n<div>\n<table style=\"width: 100%\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" width=\"33%\">When<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\" width=\"33%\">Why<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\" width=\"33%\">What<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Dormant<\/td>\n<td>Black Rot, Anthracnose<\/td>\n<td>Lime Sulfur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bud Swell<\/td>\n<td>Flea Beetle<\/td>\n<td>Sevin\u00ae, Pyrethrum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>New Growth about 4\u201d long<\/td>\n<td>Black Rot<\/td>\n<td>Captan Fixed Copper<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Post Bloom<\/td>\n<td>Black Rot<\/td>\n<td>Captan, Fixed Copper<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cover Sprays 10-14 day apart<\/td>\n<td>Black Rot, Botrytis Powdery Mildew<\/td>\n<td>Captan, Copper, Oil?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Whenever<\/td>\n<td>Japanese Beetle, Leafhopper<\/td>\n<td>Sevin\u00ae Pyrethrum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4><strong>Spotted Wing Drosophila<\/strong><\/h4>\n<figure id=\"2630\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-9.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2630\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-9-104x300.jpg\" alt=\"Trap for Spotted Wing Drosophila\" width=\"104\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-9-104x300.jpg 104w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-9.jpg 143w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 104px) 100vw, 104px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SWD Trap, photo by David Handley<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-8.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2629 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-8.jpg\" alt=\"Male and female Spotted Wing Drosophila\" width=\"295\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-8.jpg 295w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-8-105x80.jpg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,295px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Symptoms:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prematurely rotten fruit<\/li>\n<li>Small, white maggots<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Management<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Traps for flies<\/li>\n<li>Clean up all rotten fruit<\/li>\n<li>Insecticides\n<ul>\n<li>At first sign of damage<\/li>\n<li>Delegate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Birds<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-10.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2631\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-10-300x215.jpg\" alt=\"netting over grapevines to keep out birds\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-10-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-10-105x75.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-10-317x227.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-10-423x303.jpg 423w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/insects-10.jpg 428w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Netting\n<ul>\n<li>Best method<\/li>\n<li>Costly<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Visual deterrents\n<ul>\n<li>Scarecrows, owls, tape<\/li>\n<li>Set up at ripening<\/li>\n<li>Move often<\/li>\n<li>Combine with noise<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Herbicide (2,4-D) injury<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Grapes very sensitive<\/li>\n<li>Avoid lawn\/brush herbicides\n<ul>\n<li>Spray and granular<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Talk to your neighbor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"bottom-line\"><\/a>Maine Grapes: Bottom Line<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/good-luck.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2632 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/good-luck-252x300.jpg\" alt=\"grapes ripening on the vine\" width=\"252\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/good-luck-252x300.jpg 252w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/good-luck-105x125.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/good-luck-317x377.jpg 317w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/02\/good-luck.jpg 329w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,252px\" \/><\/a>High Risk Crop<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>High establishment costs<\/li>\n<li>High labor demands<\/li>\n<li>Winter injury likely<\/li>\n<li>Challenging pest complex<\/li>\n<li>Difficult to get high quality<\/li>\n<li>Questionable market<\/li>\n<li>4 to 5 years to production<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>High establishment costs\n<ul>\n<li>10,000-$15,000\/A<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>High maintenance costs\n<ul>\n<li>$3000\/year<\/li>\n<li>Mostly labor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Returns can be variable\n<ul>\n<li>$0-1000 labrusca<\/li>\n<li>$0-2000 hybrids<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Optimistic View:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>New hardy varieties<\/li>\n<li>Global warming<\/li>\n<li>Market for local produce\n<ul>\n<li>Specialty items<\/li>\n<li>Wine, juice, jelly, vines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fun to grow!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Good luck!<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%%\" \/>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"grape-resources\"><\/a>Grape Resources<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Cold Climate Grape Production, University of Vermont,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.uvm.edu\/~fruit\/?Page=grapes\/gr_horticulture.html&amp;SM=gr_submenu.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UVM Grapes: Horticulture<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Growing Grapes in Maine (PowerPoint Presentation) David T. Handley, Vegetable &amp; Small Fruit Specialist, University of Maine Cooperative Extension January 2013 Table of Contents Grape Expectations The Grape Plant Grape Growth Grape Varieties Hardy Grape Varieties Hybrid Types Site Selection Site Preparation Planting Grapes Establishing the Vineyard Trellising Grapes Irrigation Training Grapes Growing Grapes Pruning [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":0,"parent":9312,"menu_order":13,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/page-withsidebar.php","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2384","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Growing Grapes in Maine - Cooperative Extension at Highmoor Farm - University of Maine Cooperative Extension<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Growing Grapes in Maine - Cooperative Extension at Highmoor Farm - University of Maine Cooperative Extension\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Growing Grapes in Maine (PowerPoint Presentation) David T. Handley, Vegetable &amp; Small Fruit Specialist, University of Maine Cooperative Extension January 2013 Table of Contents Grape Expectations The Grape Plant Grape Growth Grape Varieties Hardy Grape Varieties Hybrid Types Site Selection Site Preparation Planting Grapes Establishing the Vineyard Trellising Grapes Irrigation Training Grapes Growing Grapes Pruning [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cooperative Extension at Highmoor Farm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-14T15:30:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/rows-of-grape-vines.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"18 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/\",\"name\":\"Growing Grapes in Maine - Cooperative Extension at Highmoor Farm - University of Maine Cooperative Extension\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-02-07T18:18:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-14T15:30:48+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2013\/01\/parts.jpg\",\"width\":920,\"height\":557,\"caption\":\"parts of the grape plant: cane, buds, flowers, shoots\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/growing-grapes-in-maine\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Crop Resources\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Grape\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/resources-by-crop\/grape\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Growing Grapes in Maine\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/highmoor\/\",\"name\":\"Cooperative Extension at Highmoor Farm\",\"description\":\"Information you can use. 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