{"id":1069,"date":"2018-03-10T21:12:49","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T02:12:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/invasivespecies\/?p=1069"},"modified":"2019-05-02T17:26:35","modified_gmt":"2019-05-02T17:26:35","slug":"crazy-worm-resources-from-the-university-of-vermont","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/invasivespecies\/2018\/03\/10\/crazy-worm-resources-from-the-university-of-vermont\/","title":{"rendered":"Crazy Worm Resources from the University of Vermont"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>(<strong>Bolded<\/strong> articles are &#8216;must-read.&#8217;)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Classification and Identification of Pheretimoids<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Blakemore, R.J., 2012. Japanese earthworms revisited a decade on: (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea)<em>,<\/em>\u00a0<em>Zoology in the Middle East<\/em>, 58(sup4), January 2012, pp.15-22.\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Robert_Blakemore\/publication\/263218866_Japanese_earthworms_revisited_a_decade_on_Oligochaeta_Megadrilacea\/links\/590b35aea6fdcc49617aad77\/Japanese-earthworms-revisited-a-decade-on-Oligochaeta-Megadrilacea.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Japanese earthworms revisited a decade on (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea) (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chang, C.h., Snyder, B.A. and Szlavecz, K., 2016. Asian pheretimoid earthworms in North America north of Mexico: An illustrated key to the genera Amynthas, Metaphire, Pithemera, and Polypheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). <em>Zootaxa<\/em>, <em>4179<\/em>(3), pp. 495-529.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uvm.edu\/~entlab\/Forest%20IPM\/Worms\/Chang_et_al_2016_Zootaxa.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Asian pheretimoid earthworms in North America north of Mexico: An illustrated key to the genera Amynthas (PDF)<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Gates, E.G. and J.W. Reynolds. 2017. Preliminary Key to North American Megadriles (Annelida, Oligochaeta), based on external characteristics, insofar as possible. <em>Megadrilogica<\/em> 22.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Distribution of Pheretimoids in the USA<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Callaham Jr, M.A., Hendrix, P.F. and Phillips, R.J., 2003. Occurrence of an exotic earthworm (<em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em>) in undisturbed soils of the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA: The 7th international symposium on earthworm ecology. Cardiff, Wales, 2002. <em>Pedobiologia<\/em>, <em>47<\/em>(5-6), pp.466-470.\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.417.5277&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Occurrence of an exotic earthworm (<em>Amynthas agresfis<\/em>) in undisturbed soils of the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chang, C.H., Johnston, M.R., Gorres, J.H., Davalos, A., McHugh, D. and Szlavecz, K., 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10530-017-1607-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Co-invasion of three Asian earthworms, <em>Metaphire hilgendorfi<\/em>, <em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em> and <em>Amynthas tokioensis<\/em> in the USA<\/a>. <em>Biological Invasions<\/em>, pp.1-6.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Hendrix, P.F., Callaham Jr, M.A., Drake, J.M., Huang, C.Y., James, S.W., Snyder, B.A. and Zhang, W., 2008. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/30245178.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3A296de2ac0edce3d235de9af4a15770cb&amp;seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pandora&#8217;s box contained bait: the global problem of introduced earthworms.<\/a> <em>Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics<\/em>, <em>39<\/em>, pp.593-613.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Keller, R.P., Cox, A.N., Van Loon, C., Lodge, D.M., Herborg, L.M. and Rothlisberger, J., 2007. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/4500662.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3A7061e6b389bd6ea9d0e4dcf151f48553&amp;seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">From bait shops to the forest floor: earthworm use and disposal by anglers<\/a>. <em>The American Midland Naturalist<\/em>, <em>158<\/em>(2), pp.321-328.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Moore, J.D., Gorres, J. and Reynolds, J.W., 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/321636493_Exotic_Asian_pheretimoid_earthworms_Amynthas_spp_Metaphire_spp_Potential_for_colonisation_of_south-eastern_Canada_and_effects_on_forest_ecosystems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exotic Asian pheretimoid earthworms (Amynthas spp., Metaphire spp.): Potential for colonization of south-eastern Canada and effects on forest ecosystems<\/a>. Environmental Reviews.<\/li>\n<li>Reynolds, J.W., Gorres, J.H. and Knowles, M.E., 2015. A checklist by counties of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Lumbricidae and Megascolecidae) in the states of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, USA. <em>Megadrilogica<\/em>, <em>17<\/em>(9), pp.125-140.\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/John_Reynolds16\/publication\/274084321_Reynolds_JW_JH_Gorres_and_ME_Knowles_2015_A_checklist_by_counties_of_earthworms_Oligochaeta_Acanthodrilidae_Lumbricidae_and_Megascolecidae_in_the_states_of_Maine_New_Hampshire_and_Vermont_USA_Megadril\/links\/5515e6510cf2d70ee272d3c7\/Reynolds-JW-JH-Goerres-and-ME-Knowles-2015-A-checklist-by-counties-of-earthworms-Oligochaeta-Acanthodrilidae-Lumbricidae-and-Megascolecidae-in-the-states-of-Maine-New-Hampshire-and-Vermont-USA-Me.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A checklist by counties of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Lumbricidae and Megascolecidae) in the states of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, USA (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ecology of Pheretimoids<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Belliturk, K., Gorres, J.H., Kunkle, J. and Melnichuk, R.D.S., 2015. Can commercial mulches be reservoirs of invasive earthworms? Promotion of ligninolytic enzyme activity and survival of <em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em> (Goto and Hatai, 1899). <em>Applied Soil Ecology<\/em>, <em>87<\/em>, pp.27-31.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Burtelow, A.E., Bohlen, P.J. and Groffman, P.M., 1998. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/222504320_Influence_of_exotic_earthworm_invasion_on_soil_organic_matter_microbial_biomass_and_denitrification_potential_in_forest_soils_of_the_northeastern_United_States\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Influence of exotic earthworm invasion on soil organic matter, microbial biomass and denitrification potential in forest soils of the northeastern United States<\/a>. <em>Applied Soil Ecology<\/em>, <em>9<\/em>(1-3), pp.197-202.<\/li>\n<li>Chang, C.H., Szlavecz, K. and Buyer, J.S., 2017. <em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em> invasion increases microbial biomass in Mid-Atlantic deciduous forests. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em>, <em>114<\/em>, pp.189-199.<\/li>\n<li>Gates, G.E., 1956. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2405895?casa_token=HJCFd4BW3lkAAAAA:XC-aPp6N5zPr0GhhzdLPFMlMf6VzaNsHzac3cmk5v3zvlZdqwweU4Hy1LxsFMYmBtEz01eXhJOU4DUi1wmhBMOUX_kni7he-C3aGADhpXETYsCuUR-I&amp;seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reproductive organ polymorphism in earthworms of the oriental Megascolecine genus Pheretima Kinberg 1867<\/a>. <em>Evolution<\/em>, <em>10<\/em>(2), pp.213-227.<\/li>\n<li>Gorres, J.H. and Melnichuk, R.D., 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/41684238.pdf?casa_token=Pn3eJJX4uD8AAAAA:KJHXq_NZw702ZPpYeuleZfhGYtWTzM-09zqRYdeqZNGuo2IztDvCLmAPksq-BB_yZDNH4C5tsoKgZ-EZA066m0sIHRdtuM376-MrgZBytzmvOTYKUFA&amp;seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Asian invasive earthworms of the genus Amynthas Kinberg in Vermont<\/a>. <em>Northeastern Naturalist<\/em>, <em>19<\/em>(2), pp.313-322.<\/li>\n<li>Gorres, J.H., Connolly, S.T., Chang, C.H., Carpenter, N.R., Keller, E.L., Nouri-Aiin, M. and Schall, J.J., Winter hatching in New England populations of invasive pheretimoid earthworms <em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em> and <em>Amynthas tokioensis<\/em>: a limit on population growth, or aid in peripheral expansion?. <em>Biological Invasions<\/em>, pp.1-5.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Greiner, H.G., Kashian, D.R. and Tiegs, S.D., 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10530-012-0208-y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Impacts of invasive Asian (<em>Amynthas hilgendorfi<\/em>) and European (<em>Lumbricus rubellus<\/em>) earthworms in a North American temperate deciduous forest<\/a>. <em>Biological Invasions<\/em>, <em>14<\/em>(10), pp.2017-2027.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Hiller, B.J. and Barclay, J.S., 2011. <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00244-010-9525-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Concentrations of heavy metals in American Woodcock harvested in Connecticut<\/a>. <em>Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology<\/em>, <em>60<\/em>(1), pp.156-164. Not directly related to Amynthas, but compare with Richardson et al., 2015.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Loss, S.R. and Blair, R.B., 2011. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/41315175?casa_token=hNF3Bf3BNdsAAAAA:MxRAuSIJHBBs3IMFn3xXYlK_caHevjrf-CdEP1eMnTN_0vO9VqhVn5Rx9zvFvRELru4FAyM8HmYrULX2OzHamVsujbo6crIpK3Ho2o8KDigqH0ZC5CE&amp;seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reduced Density and Nest Survival of Ground-Nesting Songbirds Relative to Earthworm Invasions in Northern Hardwood Forests<\/a>. <em>Conservation Biology<\/em>, <em>25<\/em>(5), pp.983-992. This is not a pheretimoid paper but these wildlife effects are likely to occur with Amynthas too.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Qiu, J. and Turner, M.G., 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10530-016-1264-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Effects of non-native Asian earthworm invasion on temperate forest and prairie soils in the Midwestern US<\/a>. <em>Biological Invasions<\/em>, <em>19<\/em>(1), pp.73-88.<\/li>\n<li>Reynolds, J.W., 1974. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/288940049_Are_oligochaetes_really_hermaphroditic_amphimictic_organisms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Are oligochaetes really hermaphroditic amphimictic organisms<\/a>. <em>Biologist<\/em>, <em>56<\/em>(2), pp.90-99.\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/John_Reynolds16\/publication\/288940049_Are_oligochaetes_really_hermaphroditic_amphimictic_organisms\/links\/571f6fcb08aead26e71b632f.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Are oligochaetes really hermaphroditic amphimictic organisms? (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Richardson, D.R., Snyder, B.A. and Hendrix, P.F., 2009. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/25599323.pdf?casa_token=oP1sK1wYTPQAAAAA:C02U7eWALSG2O_ZHuxMhLPaY2nPIkVdYiFcNHIWKHbVClGOjL309LH53iHepULRt5ugFrf-KO1Q8v7OlUdOiTu9WknKFgNTXMhsoVRQFxxcwPcfU6cY&amp;seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Soil moisture and temperature: tolerances and optima for a non-native earthworm species, Amynthas agrestis (Oligochaeta: Opisthopora: Megascolecidae)<\/a>. <em>Southeastern Naturalist<\/em>, <em>8<\/em>(2), pp.325-334.<\/li>\n<li>Richardson, J.B., Gorres, J.H., Jackson, B.P. and Friedland, A.J., 2015. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4395857\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trace metals and metalloids in forest soils and exotic earthworms in northern New England, USA<\/a>. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em>, <em>85<\/em>, pp.190-198.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Snyder, B.A., Boots, B. and Hendrix, P.F., 2009. Competition between invasive earthworms (<em>Amynthas corticis<\/em>, Megascolecidae) and native North American millipedes (<em>Pseudopolydesmus erasus<\/em>, Polydesmidae): effects on carbon cycling and soil structure. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em>, <em>41<\/em>(7), pp.1442-1449. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Snyder, B.A., Callaham Jr, M.A., Lowe, C.N. and Hendrix, P.F., 2013. Earthworm invasion in North America: food resource competition affects native millipede survival and invasive earthworm reproduction. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em>, <em>57<\/em>, pp.212-216.\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/krex.k-state.edu\/dspace\/bitstream\/handle\/2097\/15956\/SnyderSoilBioBiochem2013.pdf;sequence=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Earthworm invasion in North America: food resource competition affects native millipede survival and invasive earthworm reproduction (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Snyder, B.A., Callaham, M.A. and Hendrix, P.F., 2011. <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10530-010-9826-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spatial variability of an invasive earthworm (<em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em>) population and potential impacts on soil characteristics and millipedes in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA<\/a>. <em>Biological Invasions<\/em>, <em>13<\/em>(2), pp.349-358.<\/li>\n<li>Zhang, W., Hendrix, P.F., Snyder, B.A., Molina, M., Li, J., Rao, X., Siemann, E. and Fu, S., 2010. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25680460?casa_token=3VSkD9lsDQAAAAAA:Jeka1DaMbVkU2GG6HFMq_ptr78Mh4g_tHZoILNSU01dCf_wpGo05jpPM-0xsNwYEjDQNaAkXyOX3YLlhx5aTKZkEr7_VKu72SV6QrYXfflMYSpW_M0c&amp;seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dietary flexibility aids Asian earthworm invasion in North American forests<\/a>. <em>Ecology<\/em>, <em>91<\/em>(7), pp.2070-2079.<\/li>\n<li>Ziemba, J.L., Hickerson, C.A.M. and Anthony, C.D., 2016. <a href=\"http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0151591\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Invasive Asian Earthworms Negatively Impact Keystone Terrestrial Salamanders<\/a>. <em>PloS one<\/em>, <em>11<\/em>(5), p.e0151591.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Molecular Ecology<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Chang, C.H., Rougerie, R. and Chen, J.H., 2009. Identifying earthworms through DNA barcodes: Pitfalls and promise. <em>Pedobiologia<\/em>, <em>52<\/em>(3), pp.171-180.\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/biodiversitygenomics.net\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/2009%20-%20Chang%20-%20Identifying%20earthworms%20through%20DNA%20barcodes.pdf\">Identifying earthworms through DNA barcodes: Pitfalls and promise (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Keller, E., J. Schall, J. G\u00f6rres. 2017. Genetic Structure of Two Invasive Earthworms, <em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em> and <em>Amynthas tokioensis<\/em> (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) and a molecular method for species identification. <em>Megadrilogica<\/em> 22: 140-149\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/erinlkeller.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/12\/keller-et-al-mega-226.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Genetic Structure of Two Invasive Earthworms, <em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em> and <em>Amynthas tokioensis<\/em> (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) and a molecular method for species identification (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Schult, N., Pittenger, K., Davalos, S. and McHugh, D., 2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/ivb.12145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Phylogeographic analysis of invasive Asian earthworms (<em>Amynthas<\/em>) in the northeast United States<\/a>. <em>Invertebrate Biology<\/em>, <em>135<\/em>(4), pp.314-327.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pheretimoid Control<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Ikeda, H., Callaham Jr, M.A., O&#8217;Brien, J.J., Hornsby, B.S. and Wenk, E.S., 2015. Can the invasive earthworm, <em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em>, be controlled with prescribed fire?. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em>, <em>82<\/em>, pp.21-27. <a href=\"https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/ef8c\/ca7ad245e22373e33dbef0c2cc84748aad43.pdf\">Can the invasive earthworm, <em>Amynthas agrestis<\/em>, be controlled with prescribed fire? (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Compiled by Josef Gorres, <a href=\"mailto:jgorres@uvm.edu\">jgorres@uvm.edu<\/a>, Plant and Soil Science Department, Jeffords Hall, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405.<\/li>\n<li>Maryam Nouri-Aiin, <a href=\"mailto:Maryam.Nouri-Aiin@uvm.edu\">Maryam.Nouri-Aiin@uvm.edu<\/a>, Plant and Soil Science Department, Jeffords Hall, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Bolded articles are &#8216;must-read.&#8217;) Classification and Identification of Pheretimoids Blakemore, R.J., 2012. Japanese earthworms revisited a decade on: (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea),\u00a0Zoology in the Middle East, 58(sup4), January 2012, pp.15-22. Japanese earthworms revisited a decade on (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea) (PDF) Chang, C.h., Snyder, B.A. and Szlavecz, K., 2016. Asian pheretimoid earthworms in North America north of Mexico: An [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":130,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1069","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Crazy Worm Resources from the University of Vermont - Maine Invasive Species Network - University of Maine Cooperative Extension<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/invasivespecies\/2018\/03\/10\/crazy-worm-resources-from-the-university-of-vermont\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Crazy Worm Resources from the University of Vermont - Maine Invasive Species Network - University of Maine Cooperative Extension\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Bolded articles are &#8216;must-read.&#8217;) Classification and Identification of Pheretimoids Blakemore, R.J., 2012. 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