{"id":2033,"date":"2010-06-11T16:10:04","date_gmt":"2010-06-11T20:10:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/?page_id=2033"},"modified":"2024-05-23T10:06:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-23T14:06:36","slug":"2564e","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulletin #2564, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Allegheny Serviceberry (Amelanchier laevis<\/em>)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Developed by Marjorie Peronto, Associate Extension Professor, University of Maine Cooperative Extension; and Reeser C. Manley, Assistant Professor of Horticulture, University of Maine.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For information about UMaine Extension programs and resources, visit extension.umaine.edu<\/a>.<\/strong>
Find more of our publications and books at extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Go native!<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This series of publications is the result of a five-year research project that evaluated the adaptability of a variety of native trees and shrubs to the stresses of urban and residential landscapes in Maine. Non-native invasive plants pose a serious threat to Maine’s biodiversity. Plants such as Japanese barberry, shrubby honeysuckle, and Asiatic bittersweet, originally introduced for their ornamental features, have escaped from our landscapes, colonizing natural areas and displacing native plants and animals. By landscaping with native plants, we can create vegetation corridors that link fragmented wild areas, providing food and shelter for the native wildlife that is an integral part of our ecosystem. Your landscape choices can have an impact on the environment that goes far beyond your property lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Description<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"Amelanchier<\/a>
Photo by Reeser C. Manley<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Form:<\/strong> a tree with multiple upright, undulating trunks and a rounded canopy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Size:<\/strong> 25 to 35 feet high and from two-thirds to three-quarters as wide<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ornamental characteristics:<\/strong>
erect, pyramidal clusters of white flowers in mid April, before the leaves appear
mid-summer berries that change color from red to purple or black before being taken by birdsorange to red fall foliage<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Landscape Use<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"Amelanchier<\/a>
Photo by Reeser C. Manley<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Allegheny serviceberry is a small understory tree of cool, moist deciduous forests and upland slopes, often found growing with American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana<\/em>) and American hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana<\/em>), as well as sugar maple (Acer saccharum<\/em>), red oak (Quercus rubra<\/em>), and pagoda dogwood (Cornus alternifolia<\/em>). While its native habitat indicates tolerance for shade, Amelanchier laevis will also thrive in full sun if heat and drought can be avoided. Trees under severe summer drought stress often defoliate by mid August, depriving the landscape of the rich orange and red autumn leaves. In sun or shade, a moist, well-drained soil, mulching, and summer irrigation are keys to success with this species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A. laevis <\/em>can be a focal point of the spring and autumn landscape, and thus is effective as a specimen tree. Or, consider planting it as an understory tree in the woodland garden, where birds and small mammals will quickly take the ripened berries. In either case, give it the room it needs to flourish. A mature tree will grow 30 feet tall and nearly as wide. This serviceberry\u2019s growth habit is more tree-like than its close relative, shadblow serviceberry (A. canadensis<\/em>), with one to three main trunks bearing upright branches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Culture<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"Amelanchier<\/a>
Drawing by Margery Read<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Hardiness:<\/strong> USDA zone 3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soil requirements:<\/strong> prefers moderately to well-drained soils<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Light requirements:<\/strong> full sun<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stress tolerances:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

soil compaction \u2014 intolerant
pollution \u2014 intolerant
deicing salts \u2014 intolerant
urban heat islands \u2014 intolerant
drought \u2014 intolerant
seasonal flooding \u2014 intolerant<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Insect and disease problems:<\/strong> infrequent<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wildlife Value<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Allegheny serviceberry is an early spring nectar source for bees and butterflies, and an occasional host for the larvae of viceroy, striped hairstreak, and Canadian tiger swallowtail butterflies. The berries are relished by cardinals, waxwings, hairy woodpeckers, thrushes, catbirds, orioles, and robins, as well as by squirrels and chipmunks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maintenance<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Irrigation:<\/strong> During the establishment period, defined as one year after planting for each inch of trunk diameter at planting time, you should water your trees regularly during the growing season. Give the root zone of each tree 1 inch of water per week; in general, a tree’s root zone extends twice as wide as its canopy. After the establishment period, provide supplemental irrigation during periods of severe drought.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fertilization:<\/strong> Landscape trees and shrubs should not be fertilized unless a soil test indicates a need. Correct soil pH, if necessary, by amending the backfill soil. No nitrogen fertilizer should be added at planting or during the first growing season.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

To learn more about native woody plants<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Visit the Eastern Maine Native Plant Arboretum at University of Maine Cooperative Extension’s Penobscot County office, 307 Maine Avenue in Bangor. Established in 2004, the arboretum displays 24 different native tree and shrub species that can be used in managed landscapes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Reviewed by Cathy Neal, Extension professor, University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension.
Photos by Reeser C. Manley.
Illustration by Margery Read, Extension Master Gardener.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"project<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

This series of publications and the associated research were made possible in part by the Maine Forest Service\u2019s Project Canopy.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Information in this publication is provided purely for educational purposes. No responsibility is assumed for any problems associated with the use of products or services mentioned. No endorsement of products or companies is intended, nor is criticism of unnamed products or companies implied.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a9 2008<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Call 800.287.0274 (in Maine), or 207.581.3188, for information on publications and program offerings from University of Maine Cooperative Extension, or visit extension.umaine.edu<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The University of Maine System (the System) is an equal opportunity institution committed to fostering a nondiscriminatory environment and complying with all applicable nondiscrimination laws. Consistent with State and Federal law, the System does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, transgender status, gender, gender identity or expression, ethnicity, national origin, citizenship status, familial status, ancestry, age, disability (physical or mental), genetic information, pregnancy, or veteran or military status in any aspect of its education, programs and activities, and employment. The System provides reasonable accommodations to qualified individuals with disabilities upon request. If you believe you have experienced discrimination or harassment, you are encouraged to contact the System Office of Equal Opportunity and Title IX Services at 5713 Chadbourne Hall, Room 412, Orono, ME 04469-5713, by calling 207.581.1226, or via TTY at 711 (Maine Relay System). For more information about Title IX or to file a complaint, please contact the UMS Title IX Coordinator at www.maine.edu\/title-ix\/<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Developed by Marjorie Peronto, Associate Extension Professor, University of Maine Cooperative Extension; and Reeser C. Manley, Assistant Professor of Horticulture, University of Maine. For information about UMaine Extension programs and resources, visit extension.umaine.edu.Find more of our publications and books at extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/. Go native! This series of publications is the result of a five-year research project […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":274,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2033","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nBulletin #2564, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Allegheny Serviceberry (Amelanchier laevis) - Cooperative Extension Publications - University of Maine Cooperative Extension<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Allegheny serviceberry is a small understory tree of cool, moist deciduous forests and upland slopes often found growing with American hornbeam and American hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana), as well as sugar maple, red oak, and pagoda dogwood.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bulletin #2564, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Allegheny Serviceberry (Amelanchier laevis) - Cooperative Extension Publications - University of Maine Cooperative Extension\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Allegheny serviceberry is a small understory tree of cool, moist deciduous forests and upland slopes often found growing with American hornbeam and American hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana), as well as sugar maple, red oak, and pagoda dogwood.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cooperative Extension Publications\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-23T14:06:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2016\/01\/amelanchier-laevis-flowers-300x156.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/\",\"name\":\"Bulletin #2564, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Allegheny Serviceberry (Amelanchier laevis) - Cooperative Extension Publications - University of Maine Cooperative Extension\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2016\/01\/amelanchier-laevis-flowers-300x156.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2010-06-11T20:10:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-23T14:06:36+00:00\",\"description\":\"Allegheny serviceberry is a small understory tree of cool, moist deciduous forests and upland slopes often found growing with American hornbeam and American hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana), as well as sugar maple, red oak, and pagoda dogwood.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2564e\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2016\/01\/amelanchier-laevis-flowers.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2016\/01\/amelanchier-laevis-flowers.jpg\",\"width\":430,\"height\":223,\"caption\":\"Photo by Reeser C. 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