{"id":2124,"date":"2010-06-21T14:30:15","date_gmt":"2010-06-21T18:30:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/?page_id=2124"},"modified":"2024-05-23T12:25:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-23T16:25:08","slug":"2573e","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulletin #2573, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Mountain Holly (<em>Nemopanthus mucronatus<\/em>)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span class=\"s1\"><i>Developed by Marjorie Peronto, Associate Extension Professor, University of Maine Cooperative Extension; and Reeser C. Manley, Assistant Professor of Horticulture, University of Maine.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>For information about UMaine Extension programs and resources, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/\">extension.umaine.edu<\/a>.<\/strong><br><strong>Find more of our publications and books at <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/\">extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Go native!<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This series of publications is the result of a five-year research project that evaluated the adaptability of a variety of native trees and shrubs to the stresses of urban and residential landscapes in Maine. Non-native invasive plants pose a serious threat to Maine&#8217;s biodiversity. Plants such as Japanese barberry, shrubby honeysuckle, and Asiatic bittersweet, originally introduced for their ornamental features, have escaped from our landscapes, colonizing natural areas and displacing native plants and animals. By landscaping with native plants, we can create vegetation corridors that link fragmented wild areas, providing food and shelter for the native wildlife that is an integral part of our ecosystem. Your landscape choices can have an impact on the environment that goes far beyond your property lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"212\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm-300x212.jpg\" alt=\"Mountain holly\" class=\"wp-image-2266\" style=\"width:370px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm-105x74.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm.jpg 306w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by Reeser C. Manley<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Form: <\/strong>a delicate, multi-stemmed shrub with open, slender, twisted branches; often forms thickets<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Size:<\/strong> 6 to 10 feet tall, half as wide<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ornamental characteristics:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>blue-green summer foliage on purple petioles (slender stems that support leaf blades)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bright red, solitary berries hang from long, threadlike pedicels (stalks that support the fruiting organs) in summer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>lemon yellow fall foliage<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Landscape Use<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus_fruit-rm.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"212\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus_fruit-rm-300x212.jpg\" alt=\"Mountain holly with fruit. \" class=\"wp-image-2267\" style=\"width:370px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus_fruit-rm-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus_fruit-rm-105x74.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus_fruit-rm.jpg 306w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo by Reeser C. Manley<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Mountain holly can often be found growing in wet areas next to its close relative, winterberry holly (<em>Ilex verticillata<\/em>), surrounded by yellow birch (<em>Betula alleghaniensis<\/em>) and thickets of hazel alder (<em>Alnus rugosa<\/em>). It can be naturalized in wet woodland landscapes, where it will form dense colonies. You can site smaller groupings or even single specimens in a shady garden spot that offers a cool, moist root zone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The blue-green foliage of mountain holly is the perfect foil for its bright red, velvet-textured berries. Unlike winterberry holly, the berries of <em>Nemopanthus mucronatus<\/em> do not persist into winter but are eaten by migrating songbirds in autumn. Thus mountain holly is an important native food source, ensuring that these birds have sufficient energy to complete their long flights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because <em>N. mucronatus<\/em> is a dioecious species, only female plants will bear the ornamental berries. However, you should plant at least one male plant in the landscape to ensure adequate pollination for abundant fruit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #3698d4\"><strong>Culture<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hardiness:<\/strong> USDA zone 4<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucho_natus.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"252\" height=\"209\" src=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucho_natus.jpg\" alt=\"Mountain Holly\" class=\"wp-image-2269\" style=\"width:370px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucho_natus.jpg 252w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucho_natus-105x87.jpg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,252px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Drawing by Margery Read<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Soil requirements:<\/strong> tolerant of a wide variety of soils<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Light requirements:<\/strong> full sun or shade<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Stress tolerances:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>soil compaction \u2014 unknown<br>pollution \u2014 unknown<br>deicing salts \u2014 unknown<br>urban heat islands \u2014 intolerant<br>drought \u2014 unknown<br>seasonal flooding \u2014 tolerant<br><strong><br>Insect and disease problems:<\/strong> infrequent<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Wildlife Value<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike winterberry holly, mountain holly loses its berries early in the fall when the first wave of migrating songbirds stops over for a night of rest and feasting. By morning, both berries and birds are gone. Frequent songbird consumers include eastern bluebirds, hermit and wood thrushes, American robins, catbirds, northern mockingbirds, brown thrashers, cedar waxwings, and white-tailed sparrows. Raccoons and white-footed mice enjoy the fruits and seeds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Maintenance<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Irrigation:<\/strong> Water shrubs regularly for at least one year after planting. Apply 1 inch of water over the root zone once a week until leaves fall in autumn: in general, a shrub\u2019s root zone extends twice as wide as its canopy. Once established, plants should survive even when no rain falls for up to two weeks. Keep soil moist by watering thoroughly once per week when needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fertilization:<\/strong> Landscape trees and shrubs should not be fertilized unless a soil test indicates a need. Correct soil pH, if necessary, by amending the backfill soil. No nitrogen fertilizer should be added at planting or during the first growing season.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>To learn more about native woody plants<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Visit the Eastern Maine Native Plant Arboretum at University of Maine Cooperative Extension&#8217;s Penobscot County office, 307 Maine Avenue in Bangor. Established in 2004, the arboretum displays 24 different native tree and shrub species that can be used in managed landscapes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Reviewed by Cathy Neal, Extension professor, University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension.<br>Photos by Reeser C. Manley.<br>Illustration by Margery Read, Extension Master Gardener.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/maine.gov\/doc\/mfs\/projectcanopy\/index.htm\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"108\" height=\"111\" src=\"http:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/projectcanopylogo.jpg\" alt=\"project canopy logo\" class=\"wp-image-1732\" srcset=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/projectcanopylogo.jpg 108w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/projectcanopylogo-105x108.jpg 105w, https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/projectcanopylogo-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 108px) 100vw, 108px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><em>This series of publications and the associated research were made possible in part by the Maine Forest Service\u2019s Project Canopy.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Information in this publication is provided purely for educational purposes. No responsibility is assumed for any problems associated with the use of products or services mentioned. No endorsement of products or companies is intended, nor is criticism of unnamed products or companies implied.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a9 2008<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Call 800.287.0274 (in Maine), or 207.581.3188, for information on publications and program offerings from University of Maine Cooperative Extension, or visit <a href=\"http:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\">extension.umaine.edu<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The University of Maine System (the System) is an equal opportunity institution committed to fostering a nondiscriminatory environment and complying with all applicable nondiscrimination laws. Consistent with State and Federal law, the System does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, transgender status, gender, gender identity or expression, ethnicity, national origin, citizenship status, familial status, ancestry, age, disability (physical or mental), genetic information, pregnancy, or veteran or military status in any aspect of its education, programs and activities, and employment. The System provides reasonable accommodations to qualified individuals with disabilities upon request. If you believe you have experienced discrimination or harassment, you are encouraged to contact the System Office of Equal Opportunity and Title IX Services at 5713 Chadbourne Hall, Room 412, Orono, ME 04469-5713, by calling 207.581.1226, or via TTY at 711 (Maine Relay System). For more information about Title IX or to file a complaint, please contact the UMS Title IX Coordinator at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maine.edu\/title-ix\/\">www.maine.edu\/title-ix\/<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Developed by Marjorie Peronto, Associate Extension Professor, University of Maine Cooperative Extension; and Reeser C. Manley, Assistant Professor of Horticulture, University of Maine. For information about UMaine Extension programs and resources, visit extension.umaine.edu.Find more of our publications and books at extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/. Go native! This series of publications is the result of a five-year research project [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":283,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2124","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bulletin #2573, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Mountain Holly (Nemopanthus mucronatus) - Cooperative Extension Publications - University of Maine Cooperative Extension<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mountain holly can often be found growing in wet areas next to its close relative, winterberry holly, surrounded by yellow birch and thickets of hazel alder.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bulletin #2573, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Mountain Holly (Nemopanthus mucronatus) - Cooperative Extension Publications - University of Maine Cooperative Extension\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mountain holly can often be found growing in wet areas next to its close relative, winterberry holly, surrounded by yellow birch and thickets of hazel alder.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cooperative Extension Publications\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-23T16:25:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm-300x212.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/\",\"name\":\"Bulletin #2573, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Mountain Holly (Nemopanthus mucronatus) - Cooperative Extension Publications - University of Maine Cooperative Extension\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm-300x212.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2010-06-21T18:30:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-23T16:25:08+00:00\",\"description\":\"Mountain holly can often be found growing in wet areas next to its close relative, winterberry holly, surrounded by yellow birch and thickets of hazel alder.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/2573e\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/extension.umaine.edu\/publications\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2010\/06\/nemopanthus_mucronatus-rm.jpg\",\"width\":306,\"height\":216,\"caption\":\"Mountain holly. 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