Malting Barley Variety Trial 2020 Results
Malting Barley Variety Trial 2020 Results (PDF)
Ellen Mallory and Tom Molloy, University of Maine Cooperative Extension
Twenty-six varieties of two- and six-row spring malting barley and one feed barley were trialed at two locations in Maine in 2020 (Table 1). The trials were conducted in collaboration with 5 other institutions as part of the Eastern Spring Barley Nursery project (ESBN), organized by North Dakota State University and funded in part by the Brewers Association.
Table 1. Spring malting varieties evaluated in Old Town and Mapleton, Maine in 2020.
| Variety |
Type |
Years in
Maine Trials |
Developer |
| AAC Connect |
2-row |
2 |
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Brandon) |
| AAC Synergy |
2-row |
6 |
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Brandon) |
| Accordine |
2-row |
3 |
Ackermann (Germany) |
| Brunilda |
2-row |
1 |
Ackermann (Germany) |
| Eifel |
2-row |
1 |
Secobra (France) |
| Esma |
2-row |
4 |
Ackermann (Germany) |
| Explorer |
2-row |
2 |
Secobra (France) |
| Focus |
2-row |
1 |
Secobra (France) |
| Klarinette |
2-row |
2 |
Secobra (France) |
| KWS Fantex |
2-row |
5 |
KWS (Germany) |
| KWS Jessie |
2-row |
1 |
KWS (Germany) |
| KWS Willis |
2-row |
1 |
KWS (Germany) |
| LCS Barbarella |
2-row |
1 |
Limagrain Cereal Seeds |
| LCS Genie |
2-row |
5 |
Limagrain Cereal Seeds |
| ND Genesis |
2-row |
6 |
North Dakota State University |
| Pinnacle |
2-row |
6 |
North Dakota State University |
| Sangria |
2-row |
4 |
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Brandon) |
| Tradition |
6-row |
6 |
Busch Agricultural Resources, LLC |
| 2ND32184 |
2-row |
1 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND32529 |
2-row |
3 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND36638 |
2-row |
1 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND36642 |
2-row |
1 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND37111 |
2-row |
1 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND37130 |
2-row |
1 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND37568 |
2-row |
1 |
North Dakota State University |
| AAC Starbuck |
2-row, hulless, feed |
2 |
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (ECORC) |
METHODS
The trials were conducted at the University of Maine Rogers Research Farm, in Old Town, and Buck Farms in Mapleton. The locations were managed using organic practices in Old Town and conventional practices in Mapleton. Agronomic practices for both locations are described in Table 2. Agronomic and basic grain quality data were collected by the University of Maine and grain samples were submitted to North Dakota State University for comprehensive grain and quality analysis.
Table 2. Agronomic practices in Old Town and Mapleton, Maine in 2020.
|
Old Town |
Mapleton |
| Previous Crop |
Oat/mustard cover crop |
Sunflowers |
| Soil Type |
Nicholville very fine sandy loam |
Caribou gravely loam |
| pH |
6.2 |
6.0 |
| Pre-plant Fertility |
3950/acre pelletized chicken manure (approx. 79 lb/acre nitrogen) |
340 lb/acre of 19-0-19 at planting |
| Planting Date, Rate |
May 13, 1.45 million live seeds/acre |
May 20, 1.25 million live seeds/acre |
| Weed Control |
May 27, inter-row hoe + tine harrow |
June 12, 2-4D (1 pt/acre) |
| Fungicide |
None |
July 16, Prosaro (6.5 oz/acre) |
| Harvest Date |
August 3 |
August 20 |
RESULTS
Drought conditions during critical early growth stages (Table 3) negatively impacted plant growth, yield, and grain quality at both locations (Table 4 and 5). The Old Town site did not get significant rainfall after June 29 when it received 0.75 inches of rain. The region where the Mapleton site is located suffered historic drought conditions, receiving less then 1” during the month of June.
In Old Town, the average yield was 32 bu/acre, which was considerably lower than the average over the prior 5 years of 83 bu/acre. The site average yield for the Mapleton was 44 bu/acre, also relatively low due to the drought. According to USDA-NASS survey data, the average barley yield in Maine in 2020 was 54 bu/acre, malt and feed barleys combined, as compared 63 bu/acre for the prior 10 years.
The Mapleton location was one of four sites chosen for additional malt quality analysis. Results are pending.
Table 3. Monthly rainfall totals and average temperatures in Old Town and Caribou in 2020.
| † The weather station in Caribou is approximately 20 miles from the Mapleton site. 30-year norms are from 1981 to 2010. |
|
Total Rainfall (inches) |
Temperature (F) |
|
Old Town |
Caribou† |
Old Town |
Caribou† |
| Month |
2020 |
30-yr avg. |
2020 |
30-yr avg. |
2020 |
30-yr avg. |
2020 |
30-yr avg. |
| April |
4.7 |
3.8 |
2.8 |
2.5 |
39 |
41 |
37 |
39 |
| May |
2.4 |
3.8 |
2.4 |
3.4 |
52 |
53 |
51 |
52 |
| June |
1.5 |
4.1 |
0.9 |
3.4 |
63 |
62 |
64 |
61 |
| July |
3.5 |
3.6 |
3.0 |
3.7 |
70 |
67 |
70 |
66 |
| August |
3.7 |
3.3 |
2.2 |
3.7 |
67 |
66 |
66 |
64 |
| Total |
15.8 |
18.6 |
11.4 |
16.7 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
Table 4. Agronomic characteristics of malting barley varieties grown in Old Town and Mapleton in 2020.
† Yield is reported at 13.5% moisture.
‡ Measured at harvest from only one rep.
§ 1 = none to 9 = high.
# on a scale from 1 = 0% emerged to 5 = 100% emerged.
≠Target populations were 33 and 29 plants/ft2 in Old Town and Mapleton, respectively. |
|
Yield†
(bu/acre) |
Grain Moisture‡
(%) |
Spike Emergence
(1-5) # |
Stand Count ≠
(#/ft2) |
Heading date
(days after 5/31) |
| Variety |
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
| AAC CONNECT |
29 |
48 |
– |
13.3 |
4.1 |
4.3 |
32 |
21 |
32 |
– |
| AAC SYNERGY |
33 |
47 |
– |
14.3 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
30 |
25 |
31 |
– |
| ACCORDINE |
32 |
37 |
– |
15.5 |
4.0 |
4.7 |
24 |
15 |
31 |
– |
| BRUNILDA |
35 |
42 |
– |
17.9 |
4.0 |
3.7 |
26 |
19 |
31 |
– |
| EIFEL |
35 |
46 |
– |
13.8 |
4.3 |
4.7 |
21 |
17 |
31 |
– |
| ESMA |
22 |
42 |
– |
14.4 |
3.4 |
4.3 |
31 |
21 |
32 |
– |
| EXPLORER |
30 |
46 |
– |
14.1 |
3.3 |
4.7 |
27 |
23 |
30 |
– |
| FOCUS |
31 |
48 |
– |
14.7 |
4.0 |
4.7 |
22 |
15 |
30 |
– |
| KLARINETTE |
31 |
42 |
– |
15.2 |
3.7 |
4.3 |
28 |
20 |
29 |
– |
| KWS FANTEX |
26 |
48 |
– |
15.0 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
28 |
21 |
31 |
– |
| KWS JESSIE |
34 |
44 |
– |
14.4 |
4.3 |
4.7 |
28 |
21 |
27 |
– |
| KWS WILLIS |
31 |
41 |
– |
17.0 |
4.0 |
4.3 |
26 |
22 |
30 |
– |
| BARBARELLA |
34 |
36 |
– |
18.1 |
3.0 |
4.7 |
28 |
22 |
27 |
– |
| LCS GENIE |
19 |
49 |
– |
13.8 |
4.3 |
3.7 |
31 |
32 |
34 |
– |
| ND GENESIS |
27 |
43 |
– |
14.9 |
3.3 |
4.0 |
34 |
23 |
30 |
– |
| PINNACLE |
30 |
40 |
– |
15.5 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
33 |
25 |
30 |
– |
| Robust |
28 |
32 |
– |
16.6 |
4.3 |
4.3 |
21 |
16 |
31 |
– |
| SANGRIA |
36 |
36 |
– |
14.5 |
3.7 |
4.3 |
30 |
21 |
28 |
– |
| TRADITION |
33 |
29 |
– |
12.7 |
3.7 |
4.7 |
39 |
32 |
28 |
– |
| 2ND32184 |
41 |
41 |
– |
13.8 |
4.0 |
4.3 |
31 |
25 |
30 |
– |
| 2ND32529 |
33 |
43 |
– |
13.9 |
4.7 |
4.0 |
33 |
25 |
28 |
– |
| 2ND36638 |
24 |
40 |
– |
13.4 |
4.0 |
4.3 |
30 |
28 |
29 |
– |
| 2ND36642 |
35 |
39 |
– |
14.5 |
3.7 |
4.3 |
25 |
26 |
28 |
– |
| 2ND37111 |
34 |
40 |
– |
16.7 |
3.3 |
4.3 |
23 |
22 |
30 |
– |
| 2ND37130 |
33 |
37 |
– |
16.2 |
4.7 |
3.7 |
30 |
25 |
32 |
– |
| 2ND37568 |
28 |
38 |
– |
15.8 |
3.7 |
4.3 |
24 |
21 |
32 |
– |
| AAC Starbuck |
22 |
36 |
– |
16.1 |
3.7 |
4.7 |
21 |
18 |
31 |
– |
| Site average |
32 |
41 |
– |
15.0 |
3.9 |
4.3 |
28 |
22 |
30 |
– |
| LSD (0.05) |
NS |
6.9 |
– |
– |
NS |
NS |
5.9 |
4.5 |
2.3 |
– |
| CV% |
22 |
20 |
– |
– |
16 |
15 |
20 |
22 |
7 |
– |
Table 5. Grain quality characteristics of malting barley varieties grown in Old Town and Mapleton in 2020.
† Thousand kernel weight. ‡ Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin caused by Fusarium head blight.
§ Protein is reported on a dry matter basis. Acceptable range is 9.5-12.5%.
≠ Kernel plumpness is measured as the percentage of barley that remains on top of a 6/64” by 3/4” slotted sieve after shaking.
# Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA) indicator pre-harvest sprout damage. Samples with RVA>120 are considered sound with high probability of maintaining germination energy in storage. Values below this level indicate sprout damage with severity increasing as values decrease.
¥ Germination energy is the percentage of kernels that germinate over 3 days under controlled moisture and temperature conditions. >95% is considered acceptable. |
|
Test Wt.
(lbs/bu) |
TKW†
(g) |
DON‡
(ppm) |
Protein§
(%) |
Plump Kernels≠
(%) |
RVA#
(stirring number) |
Germ.
Energy¥ |
| Variety |
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
| AAC CONNECT |
40 |
49 |
37 |
49 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.7 |
13.4 |
46 |
91 |
90 |
153 |
95 |
97 |
| AAC SYNERGY |
42 |
50 |
37 |
50 |
1.5 |
0 |
13.6 |
13.4 |
56 |
94 |
90 |
171 |
96 |
98 |
| ACCORDINE |
40 |
50 |
38 |
48 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.6 |
14.5 |
68 |
95 |
20 |
87 |
85 |
93 |
| BRUNILDA |
38 |
48 |
34 |
50 |
0.0 |
0 |
14.2 |
14.1 |
59 |
94 |
7 |
32 |
82 |
92 |
| EIFEL |
40 |
49 |
36 |
48 |
0.3 |
0 |
14.3 |
14.1 |
60 |
95 |
110 |
192 |
89 |
96 |
| ESMA |
41 |
49 |
37 |
49 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.6 |
14.3 |
62 |
94 |
72 |
57 |
88 |
93 |
| EXPLORER |
41 |
47 |
40 |
47 |
0.0 |
0 |
14.8 |
14.4 |
73 |
94 |
73 |
157 |
84 |
94 |
| FOCUS |
40 |
48 |
38 |
51 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.9 |
13.7 |
60 |
93 |
40 |
118 |
84 |
95 |
| KLARINETTE |
38 |
49 |
31 |
46 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.8 |
14.1 |
55 |
92 |
108 |
185 |
81 |
97 |
| KWS FANTEX |
37 |
49 |
31 |
50 |
0.0 |
0 |
14.4 |
13.5 |
49 |
95 |
126 |
206 |
93 |
97 |
| KWS JESSIE |
41 |
50 |
34 |
48 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.8 |
13.8 |
69 |
95 |
36 |
148 |
87 |
97 |
| KWS WILLIS |
37 |
48 |
32 |
51 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.7 |
13.9 |
66 |
96 |
87 |
169 |
87 |
98 |
| BARBARELLA |
39 |
48 |
33 |
48 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.8 |
14.1 |
68 |
92 |
75 |
146 |
90 |
95 |
| LCS GENIE |
38 |
51 |
29 |
47 |
0.1 |
0 |
14.0 |
13.5 |
41 |
96 |
127 |
178 |
90 |
98 |
| ND GENESIS |
40 |
48 |
38 |
48 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.5 |
12.6 |
60 |
93 |
106 |
168 |
86 |
96 |
| PINNACLE |
40 |
48 |
32 |
48 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.8 |
12.1 |
59 |
94 |
145 |
171 |
92 |
96 |
| Robust |
38 |
50 |
32 |
44 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
| SANGRIA |
41 |
49 |
33 |
49 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.6 |
14.3 |
67 |
95 |
12 |
81 |
82 |
97 |
| TRADITION |
42 |
45 |
35 |
38 |
0.0 |
0 |
13.7 |
15.4 |
71 |
89 |
159 |
177 |
93 |
93 |
| 2ND32184 |
43 |
49 |
40 |
46 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.0 |
13.8 |
66 |
93 |
32 |
98 |
90 |
94 |
| 2ND32529 |
42 |
47 |
41 |
49 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.3 |
13 |
75 |
95 |
25 |
130 |
84 |
86 |
| 2ND36638 |
40 |
49 |
40 |
52 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.9 |
12.5 |
71 |
96 |
88 |
154 |
79 |
91 |
| 2ND36642 |
40 |
49 |
44 |
54 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.5 |
13 |
71 |
96 |
52 |
95 |
86 |
95 |
| 2ND37111 |
38 |
47 |
38 |
53 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.8 |
12.7 |
62 |
93 |
138 |
163 |
90 |
94 |
| 2ND37130 |
38 |
46 |
37 |
52 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.3 |
12.7 |
57 |
95 |
142 |
180 |
93 |
96 |
| 2ND37568 |
37 |
48 |
34 |
46 |
0.0 |
0 |
12.9 |
12.1 |
58 |
94 |
87 |
172 |
96 |
95 |
| AAC Starbuck |
47 |
56 |
36 |
50 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
| Site average |
40 |
49 |
36 |
48 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
13.5 |
13.6 |
61 |
94 |
81 |
145 |
88 |
92 |
| LSD (0.05) |
2.3 |
2.9 |
4.0 |
2.9 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
11 |
6 |
| CV% |
7 |
4 |
12 |
7 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
7.8 |
3.6 |
Updated May, 2020
This project was funded by a grant from the Brewers Association and Hatch Award number ME021815.
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