Spring Malting Barley Variety Trial 2019 Results
Malting Barley Variety Trial 2019 Results (PDF)
Ellen Mallory and Tom Molloy, University of Maine Cooperative Extension
Twenty-eight varieties of two- and six-row spring malting barley and one feed barley were trialed at two locations in Maine in 2019 (Table 1). The trials were conducted in collaboration with 9 other institutions as part of the Eastern Spring Barley Nursery project (ESBN), organized by North Dakota State University and funded in part by the Brewers Association.
Table 1. Spring malting varieties evaluated in Old Town and Mapleton, Maine in 2019.
| Variety |
Type |
Years in Maine Trials |
Developer |
| AAC Connect |
2-row |
1 |
Meridian Seeds |
| AAC Synergy |
2-row |
5 |
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Brandon) |
| Accordine |
2-row |
2 |
Ackermann (Germany) |
| Cerveza |
2-row |
2 |
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Brandon) |
| Crescendo |
2-row |
2 |
Secobra (France) |
| Esma |
2-row |
3 |
Ackermann (Germany) |
| Explorer |
2-row |
1 |
Secobra (France) |
| Fangio |
2-row |
1 |
Secobra (France) |
| Iconic |
2-row |
1 |
Secobra (France) |
| Klarinette |
2-row |
1 |
Secobra (France) |
| KWS Amadora |
2-row |
1 |
KWS (Germany) |
| KWS Fantex |
2-row |
4 |
KWS (Germany) |
| KWS Tinka |
2-row |
3 |
KWS (Germany) |
| LCS Genie |
2-row |
4 |
Limagrain Cereal Seeds |
| LCS Odyssey |
2-row |
4 |
Limagrain Cereal Seeds |
| ND Genesis |
2-row |
5 |
North Dakota State University |
| Newdale |
2-row |
5 |
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Brandon) |
| Pinnacle |
2-row |
5 |
North Dakota State University |
| Robust |
6-row |
4 |
University of Minnesota |
| Sangria |
2-row |
3 |
Ackermann (Germany) |
| Tradition |
6-row |
5 |
Busch Agricultural Resources, LLC |
| 2ND32529 |
2-row |
2 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND34634 |
2-row |
1 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND34954 |
2-row |
2 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND35530 |
2-row |
2 |
North Dakota State University |
| 2ND35693 |
2-row |
1 |
North Dakota State University |
| 80675-52 |
2-row |
1 |
Secobra (France) |
| AAC Starbuck |
2-row, hulless, feed |
1 |
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (ECORC) |
METHODS
The trials were conducted at the University of Maine Rogers Research Farm, in Old Town, and Buck Farms in Mapleton. The locations were managed using organic practices in Old Town and conventional practices in Mapleton. Agronomic practices for both locations are described in Table 2. Agronomic and basic grain quality data were collected by the University of Maine and grain samples were submitted to North Dakota State University for comprehensive grain quality analysis.
Seed lots for a number of the varieties had low germination. Where possible, additional seed lots were included in the trial and are indicated with a “-2” after the variety name.
Table 2. Agronomic practices in Old Town and Mapleton, Maine in 2019.
|
Old Town |
Mapleton |
| Previous Crop |
Potato |
Potato |
| Soil Type |
Nicholville very fine sandy loam |
Caribou gravely loam |
| pH |
6.2 |
5.9 |
| Pre-plant Fertility |
16 tons/acre solid dairy manure (approx. 50 lb/acre of nitrogen) |
340 lb/acre of 19-0-19 at planting |
| Planting Date, Rate |
May 7, 1.45 million live seeds/acre |
May 24, 1.45 million live seeds/acre |
| Topdress Nitrogen |
June 4, 124 lb/acre Chilean nitrate
(20 lb/acre of nitrogen) |
None |
| Weed Control |
May 31, cultivation and tine harrow |
June 24, 2-4D (1 pt/acre), Treaty Extra (0.6 oz/acre), and NIS (1.5 pt/100 gal) |
| Fungicide |
None |
July 23, Prosaro (6.5 oz/acre) |
| Harvest Date |
August 7 |
September 1 |
RESULTS
Monthly average weather conditions are presented in Table 3, agronomic results in Table 4, and grain quality results in Table 5. For each column in Table 4 and Table 5, the greatest value is indicated with underlining and bold type. Varieties that are not significantly different from the greatest value are also in bold type. The site average, least significant difference (LSD), and coefficient of variation (CV) appear at the bottom of each column. The LSD is the minimum difference needed between two varieties to consider them statistically different at a 95% confidence level. The CV measures the variability of the data, which influences how easy it is to detect the difference among the varieties. For some of the grain quality parameters in Table 5, tests were only run on composite samples, without replication, so statistics could not be run.
Several varieties had stands well below the intended 1.45 million plants/acre at both locations and have been indicated by a star (Table 4). Low plant populations could have negatively impacted the outcome for these varieties and should be considered when interpreting the results.
Table 3. Monthly rainfall totals and average temperatures in Old Town and Caribou in 2019.
| † The weather station in Caribou is approximately 20 miles from the Mapleton site. 30-year norms are from 1981 to 2010. |
|
Total Rainfall (inches) |
Temperature (F) |
|
Old Town |
Caribou† |
Old Town |
Caribou† |
| Month |
2019 |
30-yr avg. |
2019 |
30-yr avg. |
2019 |
30-yr avg. |
2019 |
30-yr avg. |
| April |
3.8 |
3.8 |
4.8 |
2.5 |
41 |
41 |
38 |
39 |
| May |
3.0 |
3.8 |
3.2 |
3.4 |
49 |
53 |
49 |
52 |
| June |
3.6 |
4.1 |
2.9 |
3.4 |
60 |
62 |
60 |
61 |
| July |
1.9 |
3.6 |
2.5 |
3.7 |
69 |
67 |
69 |
66 |
| August |
6.4 |
3.3 |
2.5 |
3.7 |
65 |
66 |
65 |
64 |
| Total |
18.8 |
18.6 |
15.9 |
16.7 |
|
|
|
|
Table 4. Agronomic characteristics of malting barley varieties grown in Old Town and Mapleton in 2019. Entries marked * had low plant stands.
† Yield is reported at 13.5% moisture.
‡ Measured at harvest.
§ 1 = none to 9 = high.
# on a scale from 1 = 0% emerged to 5 = 100% emerged.
≠Target population was 33 plants/ft2. |
|
Yield†
(bu/acre)
|
Grain Moisture‡ (%)
|
Foliar Disease Severity (1-9) §
|
Spike Emergence (1-5) #
|
Stand Count ≠ (#/ft2)
|
Heading date (days after 5/31)
|
| Variety |
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
| AAC Connect |
71 |
85 |
15.4 |
– |
2.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
35 |
29 |
31 |
– |
| AAC Synergy |
76 |
94 |
15.7 |
– |
2.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
40 |
32 |
32 |
– |
| Accordine |
59 |
76 |
17.1 |
– |
4.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
18 |
15 |
34 |
– |
| Cerveza |
76 |
90 |
15.2 |
– |
2.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
28 |
30 |
31 |
– |
| Crescendo* |
45 |
73 |
27.0 |
– |
3.3 |
– |
4 |
5 |
11 |
12 |
38 |
– |
| Esma |
73 |
95 |
15.3 |
– |
2.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
29 |
24 |
31 |
– |
| Explorer |
73 |
81 |
15.7 |
– |
3.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
44 |
30 |
33 |
– |
| Fangio* |
56 |
61 |
22.1 |
– |
3.3 |
– |
5 |
5 |
11 |
10 |
35 |
– |
| Iconic* |
53 |
80 |
16.5 |
– |
3.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
16 |
11 |
34 |
– |
| Klarinette |
59 |
81 |
16.0 |
– |
4.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
24 |
21 |
33 |
– |
| KWS Amadora |
53 |
80 |
16.1 |
– |
6.0 |
– |
4 |
5 |
20 |
14 |
32 |
– |
| KWS Fantex |
51 |
88 |
16.8 |
– |
3.3 |
– |
5 |
5 |
20 |
15 |
34 |
– |
| KWS Tinka |
80 |
75 |
15.8 |
– |
2.3 |
– |
5 |
5 |
26 |
20 |
32 |
– |
| KWS Tinka-2 |
80 |
87 |
15.5 |
– |
3.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
36 |
29 |
30 |
– |
| LCS Genie |
49 |
86 |
15.8 |
– |
5.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
35 |
31 |
34 |
– |
| LCS Odyssey* |
57 |
82 |
16.2 |
– |
5.7 |
– |
4 |
5 |
20 |
13 |
34 |
– |
| ND Genesis |
77 |
80 |
15.4 |
– |
2.3 |
– |
5 |
5 |
43 |
25 |
28 |
– |
| Newdale |
62 |
89 |
15.8 |
– |
2.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
39 |
32 |
32 |
– |
| Newdale-2 |
69 |
84 |
15.3 |
– |
3.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
35 |
32 |
31 |
– |
| Pinnacle |
51 |
90 |
15.9 |
– |
7.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
38 |
35 |
27 |
– |
| Robust |
74 |
85 |
15.5 |
– |
3.3 |
– |
5 |
5 |
38 |
33 |
28 |
– |
| Sangria* |
56 |
76 |
16.8 |
– |
4.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
22 |
18 |
33 |
– |
| Tradition |
70 |
82 |
15.4 |
– |
3.3 |
– |
5 |
5 |
39 |
33 |
28 |
– |
| 2ND32529 |
92 |
95 |
15.6 |
– |
4.3 |
– |
5 |
5 |
36 |
31 |
29 |
– |
| 2ND34634 |
77 |
95 |
15.6 |
– |
3.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
40 |
32 |
28 |
– |
| 2ND34954 |
70 |
91 |
15.8 |
– |
2.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
40 |
31 |
28 |
– |
| 2ND35530 |
72 |
81 |
15.3 |
– |
2.0 |
– |
5 |
5 |
45 |
31 |
28 |
– |
| 2ND35693 |
70 |
90 |
15.9 |
– |
4.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
43 |
36 |
28 |
– |
| 80675-52* |
37 |
77 |
21.6 |
– |
3.0 |
– |
4 |
5 |
11 |
6 |
38 |
– |
| AAC Starbuck* |
58 |
66 |
16.7 |
– |
2.7 |
– |
5 |
5 |
16 |
18 |
36 |
– |
| Site average |
65 |
83 |
16.6 |
– |
3.5 |
– |
5 |
5 |
30 |
24 |
32 |
– |
| LSD (0.05) |
9 |
12 |
3.3 |
– |
2.1 |
– |
1 |
NA |
9 |
4 |
2 |
– |
| CV% |
21 |
13 |
18 |
– |
47.7 |
– |
10 |
– |
38 |
42 |
10 |
– |
Table 5. Grain quality characteristics of malting barley varieties grown in Old Town and Mapleton in 2019.
† Thousand kernel weight.
‡ Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin caused by Fusarium head blight.
§ Protein is reported on a dry matter basis. Acceptable range is 9.5-12.5%.
≠ Kernel plumpness is measured as the percentage of barley that remains on top of a 6/64” by 3/4” slotted sieve after shaking.
# Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA) indicator pre-harvest sprout damage. Samples with RVA>120 are considered sound with high probability of maintaining germination energy in storage. Values below this level indicate sprout damage with severity increasing as values decrease.
¥ Germination energy is the percentage of kernels that germinate over 3 days under controlled moisture and temperature conditions. >95% is considered acceptable. |
|
Test Wt. (lbs/bu) |
TKW† (g) |
DON‡
(ppm) |
Protein§ (%) |
Plump Kernels≠ (%) |
RVA#
(stirring number) |
Germ. Energy¥ |
| Variety |
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
Old Town
|
Mapleton
|
| AAC Connect |
47 |
50 |
46 |
48 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.6 |
10.1 |
91 |
97 |
67 |
50 |
97 |
97 |
| AAC Synergy |
47 |
51 |
44 |
49 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.2 |
9.7 |
94 |
98 |
147 |
60 |
96 |
97 |
| Accordine |
43 |
51 |
44 |
51 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.8 |
10.5 |
88 |
98 |
165 |
104 |
93 |
87 |
| Cerveza |
45 |
50 |
43 |
47 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
96 |
97 |
| Crescendo |
38 |
51 |
47 |
58 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
9.6 |
11.0 |
93 |
99 |
114 |
167 |
90 |
90 |
| Esma |
47 |
50 |
48 |
53 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
7.7 |
9.8 |
95 |
99 |
176 |
158 |
93 |
98 |
| Explorer |
47 |
51 |
49 |
50 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.0 |
10.0 |
96 |
99 |
139 |
93 |
94 |
97 |
| Fangio |
40 |
50 |
51 |
59 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.5 |
10.4 |
91 |
99 |
98 |
98 |
87 |
94 |
| Iconic |
42 |
51 |
44 |
57 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.1 |
10.3 |
90 |
99 |
168 |
177 |
94 |
88 |
| Klarinette |
46 |
52 |
41 |
52 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.3 |
10.2 |
88 |
99 |
176 |
175 |
95 |
93 |
| KWS Amadora |
44 |
52 |
44 |
56 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.4 |
10.7 |
93 |
98 |
92 |
91 |
94 |
89 |
| KWS Fantex |
43 |
50 |
42 |
52 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
9.0 |
10.2 |
89 |
98 |
167 |
171 |
95 |
97 |
| KWS Tinka |
46 |
51 |
49 |
54 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.4 |
10.1 |
93 |
99 |
103 |
127 |
88 |
99 |
| KWS Tinka-2 |
46 |
50 |
48 |
51 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
95 |
97 |
| LCS Genie |
46 |
52 |
43 |
48 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
9.1 |
10.3 |
95 |
98 |
161 |
145 |
93 |
89 |
| LCS Odyssey |
42 |
53 |
42 |
55 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.7 |
10.0 |
89 |
99 |
142 |
164 |
93 |
90 |
| ND Genesis |
50 |
51 |
49 |
52 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.6 |
10.2 |
96 |
99 |
143 |
50 |
94 |
89 |
| Newdale |
47 |
50 |
42 |
47 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.7 |
9.8 |
86 |
94 |
170 |
95 |
94 |
95 |
| Newdale-2 |
48 |
51 |
43 |
45 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
94 |
100 |
| Pinnacle |
46 |
50 |
46 |
52 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.8 |
9.9 |
90 |
98 |
190 |
111 |
98 |
95 |
| Robust |
48 |
49 |
39 |
41 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
96 |
98 |
| Sangria |
44 |
51 |
40 |
52 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.2 |
9.8 |
86 |
99 |
161 |
153 |
93 |
87 |
| Tradition |
48 |
50 |
38 |
43 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
9.7 |
10.5 |
92 |
99 |
170 |
104 |
97 |
97 |
| 2ND32529 |
47 |
49 |
47 |
52 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.2 |
9.5 |
96 |
98 |
149 |
40 |
93 |
90 |
| 2ND34634 |
45 |
50 |
51 |
49 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
9.0 |
9.7 |
98 |
96 |
128 |
48 |
96 |
92 |
| 2ND34954 |
48 |
51 |
50 |
54 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
9.0 |
10.0 |
96 |
99 |
147 |
137 |
96 |
99 |
| 2ND35530 |
47 |
49 |
50 |
51 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.6 |
9.9 |
95 |
98 |
125 |
58 |
97 |
87 |
| 2ND35693 |
47 |
50 |
51 |
53 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.7 |
9.2 |
95 |
99 |
132 |
103 |
98 |
98 |
| 80675-52 |
39 |
50 |
44 |
59 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
9.2 |
11.4 |
88 |
99 |
173 |
167 |
87 |
86 |
| AAC Starbuck |
. |
. |
45 |
50 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
89 |
94 |
| Site average |
45 |
51 |
45 |
51 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
8.6 |
10.1 |
92 |
98 |
144 |
114 |
94 |
94 |
| LSD (0.05) |
1.6 |
1 |
2.9 |
3 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
5 |
10 |
| CV% |
6.7 |
2 |
8.7 |
9 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
4 |
7 |
Updated March, 2020.
This project was funded by a grant from the Brewers Association and Hatch Award number ME021815.
Information in this publication is provided purely for educational purposes. No responsibility is assumed for any problems associated with the use of products or services mentioned. No endorsement of products or companies is intended, nor is criticism of unnamed products or companies implied.
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