| ___C__ |
1. In 2019, the average cow in Maine produced 21,414 lbs of milk. The world record holder for milk production by a cow in 365 days is? A) 68,120 B) 74,280 C) 78,170 D) 82,590
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| ___A__ |
2. Which of the following is not a reason dairy production is growing in the Western US? A) Cheaper land prices B) Increasing populations C) Climate better for raising cows D) Lower production costs
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| ___C__ |
3. Modern dairy cows originated from large wild cattle that roamed Europe, Africa and Asia during the ice age were called? A) Taurines B) Bovinaes C) Aurochs D) Catel
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| ___A__ |
4. It is believed that domestication of cattle and raising cows for milk, began about how many years ago? A) 10,000 B) 50,000 C) 100,000 D) 1,000,000
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| ___A__ |
5. The people of what country has the highest consumption of milk and dairy products? A) Finland B) US C) Holland D) Italy
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| ___A__ |
6. The first dairy breed association in the US was formed by Jersey breeders in what state? A) Maine B) Vermont C) New York D) Wisconsin
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| ___D__ |
7. Which type of cheese is consumed in the greatest quantity by US consumers? A) Cheddar B) Swiss C) American D) Mozzarella
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| ___C__ |
8. In recent years the US per capita consumption of which of the following dairy products has gone down? A) Butter B) Yogurt C) Fluid Milk D) Cheese
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| ___A__ |
9. Dairy products made or bottled in Maine will have a plant code starting with the number? A) 23 B) 25 C) 33 D) 50
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| ___A__ |
10. The most important step in the milking procedure for preventing the spread of contagious mastitis is? A) Forestripping B) Predipping C) Wiping the teat with a towel D) Postdipping
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| ___A__ |
11. Squawking of the milking unit occurs as the teat collapses during milking, causing air to be pulled past the teat and into the milking unit. What is the technical name for this squawking? A) Liner slip B) Air intrusion C) Vacuum break D) Inflation failure
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| ___A__ |
12. During milking the rubber liner opens and closes. Milk is expelled from the teat when the liner is? A) Open B) Closed C) Neither D) Both
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| ___D__ |
13. The vacuum pump is the heart of a milking system because the vacuum it creates is responsible for? A) Extracting the milk from the cow B) Massaging the teat C) Moving the milk through the hoses D) All the above
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| ___B__ |
14. The opening and closing of the liner can be divided into two phases, the milking phase and the rest phase. The length of the rest phase is very important to teat health because A) It massages blood flow to the teat B) It massages blood flow away from the teat C) It allows milk to drain into the teat D) It shuts off the vacuum to the teat
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| ___D__ |
15. One robotic milker can milk about how many cows? A) 20-30 B) 30-40 C) 40-50 D) 50-60
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| ___C__ |
16. Milk is squeezed from the alveoli by the action of oxytocin on the? A) Capillaries B) Lumen C) Myoepithelium D) Ducts
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| ___A__ |
17. The majority of mastitis cases in a herd are? A) Subclinical – No outward signs of the disease B) Clinical – Abnormal milk and other outward signs C) Acute – Signs the animal is sick D) Contagious – Can be spread from cow to cow
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| ___D__ |
18. It is estimated that each case of mastitis costs the dairy producer $444. The major cause of this loss is? A) Veterinary fees and medicines B) Culling and death of some animals C) Milk dumped due to treatment D) Reduced milk production
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| ___D__ |
19. When compared with milk from a healthy cow, the milk from cows with mastitis is higher in A) Fat B) Casein C) Lactose D) Salt
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| ___B__ |
20. Most cases of mastitis are caused by bacteria. Which of the following mastitis organisms is not a bacteria A) Streptococcus agalactiae B) Prototheca C) Staph aureus D) Klebsiella
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| ___B__ |
21. Somatic cell counts (SCC) in the milk of individual cows is a good way to determine which cows may have mastitis. A cow probably has mastitis when the SCC in her milk (in cells per milliliter) is greater than or equal to A) 100,000 B) 200,000 C) 400,000 D) 750,000
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| ___A__ |
22. A drug that is labelled to be given IMM, should be given in the? A) Udder B) Vein C) Under the skin D) Muscle
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| ___A__ |
23. Typically environmental mastitis cases are highest in what season of the year? A) Summer B) Fall C) Winter D) Spring
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| ___D__ |
24. Much of the milk we drink is homogenized. What does homogenization do? A) Make the milk more uniform and consistent B) Kill any bacteria left in the milk C) Increase shelf life D) Prevent the milkfat from rising to the top
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| ___A__ |
25. Which component of milk is the most variable? A) Fat B) Protein C) Calcium D) Lactose
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| ___D__ |
26. The amount of milk a cow produces is limited by her ability to manufacture what milk component? A) Casein B) Butterfat C) Beta Lactoglobulin D) Lactose
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| ___D__ |
27. A low fat to protein ratio in the milk (The fat% is lower than the protein%) is an indication of what metabolic disorder? A) Ketosis B) Mastitis C) Displaced Abomasum D) Acidosis
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| ___A__ |
28. The set of federal laws that set the standards for the production of milk are known by the letters A) PMO B) DHI C) FARM D) MQA
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| ___A__ |
29. The Standard Plate Count measures the amount of what in milk? A) Bacteria B) Somatic cells C) Water D) Antibiotics
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| ___D__ |
30. Which of the following is not an off-flavor found in milk? A) Weedy B) Oxidized C) Cooked D) Sweet
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| ___B__ |
31. Which dairy breed was developed in New England? A) Canadienne B) Randall C) Lineback D) Milking Devon
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| ___B__ |
32. A genetic trait like milk production that is controlled by a large number of genes is called A) Qualitative B) Quantitative C) Minor D) Genotypic
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| ___D__ |
33. The major tool of an animal breeder is choosing the animals that will be the parents of the next generation. This is called? A) Culling B) Mating C) Genetic intensity D) Selection
|
| ___C__ |
34. The visible properties of an animal are called the animal’s A) Traits B) Genotype C) Phenotype D) Proof
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| ___A__ |
35. A trait like udder composite that combines several traits into one is called? A) Selection index B) Genetic summary C) Multi Trait D) Breeding value
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| ___D__ |
36. A genomic evaluation involves summing up the genetic effects of tiny mutations in an animal’s DNA. These tiny mutations are commonly called A) Drips B) Flips C) Grips D) Snips
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| ___B__ |
37. This year the genetic base for all dairy proofs was updated to the average genetic value of the cows born in what year? A) 2010 B) 2015 C) 2018 D) 2020
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| ___A__ |
38. The major reason dairy cows are culled from a herd is? A) Reproduction B) Mastitis C) Foot injuries D) Low milk production
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| ___C__ |
39. Which of the following great Holstein bulls of all time is responsible for the greatest percentage of genes found in US Holstein cows today? A) Osborndale Ivanhoe B) Picston Shottle C) Round Oak Rag Apple Elevation D) Pawnee Farms Arlinda Chief
|
| ___A__ |
40. Recent studies have shown that the average cow is in heat for? A) 7-8 hours B) 10 -12 hours C) 12-18 hours D) 20-24 hours
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| ___D__ |
41. The newest cow activity monitors can be used to? A) Improve Heat detection B) Identify sick cows C) Measure rumination D) All the above
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| ___A__ |
42. The estrus synchronization protocol that consists of a GnRH injection, followed 7 days later by a prostaglandin injection, followed 2 days later by another GnRH injection with timed breeding to follow 16-20 hours later is called? A) Ovsynch B) Presynch C) Targeted Breeding D) Kitchen Synch
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| ___A__ |
43. Which of the following is not a cause of retained placentas in cattle A) Pneumonia B) Dystocia C) Low selenium in ration D) High body condition
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| ___B__ |
44. Metritis is an infection of the? A) Udder B) Uterus C) Lungs D) Rumen
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| ___A__ |
45. The voluntary waiting period (VWP) is the rest time we give the cow after calving before breeding her back. Which of the following is not a reason for giving a cow a VWP? A) Allow her to pass peak milk production B) Allow the uterus to recover C) Allow her to reach positive energy balance D) Allow her ovaries to start cycling again
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| ___A__ |
46. High producing cows are more efficient nutritionally because A) A greater percentage of the feed they eat goes for production B) They produce more milk with less feed C) It takes less feed to keep them alive D) Their nutrient requirements are less
|
| ___D__ |
47. When rumen acidosis occurs, which rumen microbes are most affected by the low pH? A) Bacteria B) Fungi C) Yeasts D) Protozoa
|
| ___C__ |
48. Legumes such as alfalfa are preferred over grasses like timothy for high producing dairy cows because legumes are? A) Higher in fiber B) Lower in Calcium C) Higher in protein D) Easier to dry and make hay
|
| ___A__ |
49. Corn silage is best harvested at what stage of maturity? A) Dent B) Dough C) Milk D) Flint
|
| ___B__ |
50. By product feeds are secondary products resulting from the manufacturing of some thing else. Which of the following is not a byproduct feed? A) Distillers grain B) Steam flaked corn C) Soybean meal D) Wheat middlings
|
| ___D__ |
51. A feed ingredient added to a ration for other than nutritional reasons is called a(n)? A) Nutrient B) Antibiotic C) Supplement D) Additive
|
| ___A__ |
52. Which of the following is not a clinical sign of milk fever? A) High Temperature B) Not eating C) Unable to stand D) Inactive GI tract
|
| ___D__ |
53. Ketosis results when a cow draws too heavily on body stores of A) Calcium B) Protein C) Ketones D) Fat
|
| ___B__ |
54. The normal position for the abomasum of the cow is? A) Upper Right side B) Lower Right side C) Lower Left side D) Upper Left side
|
| ___D__ |
55. After mastitis, the second most costly disease of dairy cattle is? A) Abortions B) Milk Fever C) Johnes Disease D) Lameness
|
| ___A__ |
56. A slow wasting condition with chronic diarrhea, is a clinical sign of what cattle disease? A) Johnes B) Bovine viral diarrhea C) Displaced abomasum D) Ketosis
|
| ___D__ |
57. Persistently infected (PI) animals are a common way for what disease to spread throughout a herd? A) BRSV B) PI3 C) IBR D) BVD
|
| ___C__ |
58. A collection of management practices which protect a herd from the entry and spread of diseases is called? A) Quarantining B) Immunity C) Biosecurity D) Vaccination
|
| ___B__ |
59. The personal space surrounding an animal that when entered causes the animal to move away is called? A) Point of balance B) Flight zone C) Zone of repugnance D) Approach distance
|
| ___B__ |
60. Which of the following is not one of the 5 freedoms of animal welfare A) Freedom from hunger B) Freedom from other animals C) Freedom from fear D) Freedom from discomfort
|
| ___C__ |
61. A normal dairy cow would prefer to lie down how many hours per day? A) 8 B) 10 C) 12 D) 14
|
| ___A__ |
62. If a freestall barn has 100 stalls and 120 cows, what is the stocking rate in the barn? A) 120% B) 1.2% C) 83% D) 100%
|
| ___A__ |
63. Heat stress in dairy cattle occurs when the environmental temperature (In F degrees) is greater than? A) 68 D) 72 C) 80 D) 85
|
| ___C__ |
64. Which of the following is not a recommended practice for keeping cows cool in the summer? A) Provide shade B) Fans C) Sawdust bedding D) Sprinklers
|
| ___C__ |
65. A locomotion score of 1 means the cow is moving freely with no problems. It is recommended that at least what percent of the herd should score a 1? A) 50 B) 60 C) 70 D) 80
|
| ___A__ |
66. A calf’s navel should be dipped in disinfectant immediately following birth to prevent what disease A) Septic arthritis B) Scours C) Pneumonia D) Anemia
|
| ___D__ |
67. What percent of older cows, lactation 2 or greater, should calve without assistance? A) 50 B) 60 C) 70 D) 80
|
| ___D__ |
68. The most important feed for rumen development of the young calf is? A) Water B) Hay C) Molasses D) Calf starter
|
| ___A__ |
69. The most common scours causing organism in young calves is? A) E coli B) Cryptosporidium C) Salmonella D) Coccidia
|
| A or B |
70. A properly grown Holstein heifer should have her first calf at how many months of age? A) 22 B) 24 C) 25 D) 27 |
